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didst let

  • 1 διΐημι

    διΐημι ([ per.] 3sg. [tense] fut.
    A

    διαήσει Hsch.

    ), drive, thrust or pass through, διὰ δ' ἧκε σιδήρου (sc. τὸν ὀϊστόν) Od.21.328;

    δ. ξίφος λαιμῶν E.Ph. 1092

    ;

    δίες στυπτηρίαν ὄξους PHolm.12.45

    : c. dupl. acc.,

    στέρνα δ. λόγχην E.Ph. 1398

    .
    2 let people go through a country, give them a passage through, εἰ μήτε οἱ ποταμοὶ διήσουσιν .. X.An.3.2.23, etc.;

    διέντες αὐτοὺς ἐφ' ὑμᾶς D.18.213

    , cf. ib.146: c. gen., ξυμφορὰς τοῦ σοῦ διῆκας στόματος didst let them pass through thy mouth, gauest utterance to them, S.OC 963, cf.

    διαφέρω 1.1

    :—[voice] Pass., pass through, Arist.Mir. 835b20: [dialect] Ep. [tense] pf. part.

    διαειμένος A.R.2.372

    .
    II dismiss, disband,

    στράτευμα X.HG2.4.39

    , etc.; τοὺς ὀδόντας δ. unclose them, D.S.10.17.
    2 soak, Hp.Acut.21;

    ἐλᾳδίῳ διείς Sotad.Com. 1.27

    , cf. Arist.HA 583a24:—[voice] Med., διέμενος ὄξει having diluted it with vinegar, Ar.Pl. 720:—[voice] Pass., Alex.188.3.
    3 release prisoners, PGoodsp.Cair.5.2 (ii B. C.), J.AJ15.10.3;

    διειμένος

     set free,

    Plu. Demetr.39

    .

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > διΐημι

  • 2 צָעַר

    1) to be narrow, slender, young, v. צוֹעֵר, צׇעִיר. 2) to be restrained, suffer privation, pain. Taan.11a, v. infra. Hif. הִצְעִיר to lessen; to subordinate. Gen. R. s. 6 (ref. to הצעיר, Gen. 48:14) על ידי שהיה מַצְעִיר את עסקיווכ׳ because he subordinated his affairs (was contented with lesser services), he was privileged to be invested with the rights of the firstborn; הגדול שהוא מצעירוכ׳ if a great man applies himself to minor services, how much more (is he praiseworthy)!Part. pass. מוּצְעָר, q. v. Pi. צִיעֵר 1) to narrow, restrain; to inflict pain, annoy. Naz.19a; 22a, a. e. (ref. to Num. 6:11) ומה זה שלא צי׳ עצמו … המְצַעֵר עצמווכ׳ if this (Nazarite) who denied himself only the enjoyment of wine is called a sinner, how much more so he who denies himself all enjoyments of life! Taan.11a יִצְעַר … במשה רבינו שצי׳ עצמווכ׳ man must suffer (deny himself enjoyments), when the community suffers; for thus we find that Moses afflicted himself (by sitting on a stone, Ex. 17:12) ; ib. וכל המצער עצמו עםוכ׳ (Ms. M. וכל המצער עם, insert עצמו, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) and he who afflicts himself in sympathy with the community, will be allowed to see the comfort of the community; Yalk. Gen. 148, a. e. המִצְטַעֵר. Snh.11a אתה הוא שצִיעַרְתָּ לאכא wast thou the one who annoyed my father (with the smell of garlic)? Ab. Zar.40b ואתה מְצַעֲרֵינִי and thou didst let me be in pain (without telling me of the remedy)?; a. fr. 2) to suffer. Yalk. Is. 333, v. צָרַר. Hithpa. הִצְטַעֵר, Nithpa. נִצְטַעֵר to feel pain; to suffer privation; to grieve, trouble ones self. Yalk. Gen. l. c., a. e., v. supra. Hag.15b בזמנ שאדם מִצְטַעֵרוכ׳ when a man suffers (the penalty of the law), what does the Shekhinah say?; אם כךהקב״ה מצטערוכ׳ if the Lord thus grieves over the blood of the wicked (convict), how much more does he grieve over the blood of the righteous that is shed!; Ms. M. 1 אם כן מצטער אניוכ׳; Ms. M. 2 מִצְטַעֲרֵנִי if thus I (the Lord) grieve Snh. 46a; Yalk. Deut. 930. Succ.26a, a. e. מצטער פטורוכ׳ he that feels uncomfortable (cold) is exempt from sitting in the Succah (contrad. fr. חולה). Meg.16a sq. אפשר דבר שנצ׳ בו … יכשל בו is it possible that this righteous man (Joseph) should commit the same wrong from which he himself had suffered (to make distinctions between brothers)? Yoma 74b; Y. ib. VIII, 44d top (ref. to Lev. 16:29) יכול ישב … ויִצְטַעֵר you may think, one must sit in the sun or in the cold in order to afflict ones self. Bab. ib. 19b כל ימי הייתי מצט׳ עלוכ׳ all my life-time have I been troubling myself about this verse (Lev. 16:2) thinking, when shall I have an opportunity to carry it into practice (in accordance with the Sadducean interpretation of it) Sifré Deut. 354 הואיל ונִצְטַעַרְנוּוכ׳ since we have gone to the trouble of coming here ; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > צָעַר

  • 3 HAFA

    * * *
    (hefi; hafða, höfðum; hafðr), v.
    1) to have (þeir höfðu sjau skip ok flest stór);
    hafa elda, to keep up a five;
    2) to hold, celebrate (hafa vinaboð, blót, þing);
    3) to keep, retain (rifu þær vefinn í sundr, ok hafði hverr þat er hélt á);
    4) to use (tvau net eru rý, ok hafa eigi höfð verit);
    orð þau sem hann hafði um haft, which he had made use of;
    hafa fagrmæli við e-n, to flatter one;
    hafa hljóðmæli við e-n, to speak secretly to one;
    hafa tvimæli á e-u, to speak doubtfully of a thing;
    hafa viðrmæli um e-t, to use mocking words;
    hann var mjök hafðr við mál manna, much used to, versed in, lawsuits;
    5) to have, hold, maintain;
    hafa vináttu við e-n, to maintain friendship with one;
    hafa hættumikit, to run a great risk;
    hafa heilindi, to have good health;
    6) to bring, carry;
    hafa e-n heim með sér, to bring one home;
    hann hafði lög, út hingat ór Noregi, he brought laws hither from Norway;
    hafa sik (to betake oneself) til annara landa;
    7) to take, carry off;
    troll hafi þik, the trolls take thee;
    8) to get, gain, win;
    hann hafði eigi svefn, he got no sleep;
    hefir sá jafnan, er hættir, he wins that ventures;
    hafa gagn, sigr, to gain victor;
    hafa meira hlut, to get the upper hand, gain the day;
    hafa sitt mál, to win one’s suit;
    hafa tafl, to win the game;
    hafa erendi, to do one’s errand, succeed;
    hafa bana, to suffer death, to die;
    hafa sigr, to be worsted;
    hafa góðar viðtökur, to be well received;
    hafa tíðindi af e-m, to get tidings of, or from, one;
    hafa sœmd, óvirðing af e-m, to get honour, disgrace from one;
    with gen., hafa e-s ekki, to fail to catch one (hann kemst á skóg undan, ok höfðu þeir hans ekki);
    ekki munu vér hans hafa at sinni, we shall not catch him at present;
    9) to wear carry (clothes, weapons);
    hann hafði blán kyrtil, he wore a blue kirtle;
    hafa kylfu í hendi sér, to have a club in one’s hand;
    10) to behave, do, or fare, so an so esp. with an adv.;
    hafa vel, illa, vetr, to behave (do) well, badly, be worse;
    hafa sik vel, to behave;
    11) with infin., hafa at varðveita, to have in keeping at selja, to have on sale;
    lög hafið þér at mæla, you are right;
    12) hafa e-n nær e-u, to expose one to (þú hafðir svá nær haft oss úfœru);
    hafa nær e-u, to come near to, esp. impers.;
    nær hafði okkr nú, it was a narrow escape;
    svá nær hafði hausinum, at, the shot so nearly touched the head, that;
    ok er nær hafði, skipit mundi fljóta, when the ship was on the point of flloating;
    13) as an auxiliary verb, in the earliest time with the pp. of transitive verbs in acc.;
    hefir þú hamar um fólginn, hast thou hidden the hammer?;
    ek hefi sendan mann, I have sent a man;
    later with indecl. neut. pp.;
    hefir þú eigi sét mik, hast thou not seen me?;
    14) with preps.:
    hafa e-t at, to do, act;
    hann tók af þér konuna, en þú hafðir ekki at, but thou didst not stir, didst take it tamely;
    absol., viltu þess freista, ok vita hvat at hafi, wilt thou try and see what happens?;
    hafa e-t at hlífiskildi (skotspœni), to use as a shield (as a target);
    hafa e-n háði, hlátri, to mock, laugh at;
    hafa e-t at engu, vettugi, to hold for naught, take no notice of;
    hafa sakir á e-n have charges against one;
    hafa á rás, to take to one’s heels, run off;
    hafa e-t fram, to produce (vápn þorgils vóru fram höfð); to carry out, hold forth;
    hafa mál fram, to proceed with a suit;
    var um búit, ekki fram haft, all was made ready but nothing done;
    hafa e-t frammi, í frammi, to use, make use of (hafa í frammi kúgan);
    ok öll lögmæt skil frammi hafa, and discharge all on official duties;
    hafa e-t fyrir satt, to hold for true;
    eigi em ek þar fyrir sönnu hafðr, I am not truly aimed for that, it is a false charge;
    hafa e-n fyrir sökum um e-t, to charge one with;
    hafa í hótum við e-n, to threaten one;
    hafa e-t með höndum, to have in hand;
    höfum eiai sigrinn ór hendi, let not victory slip out of our hands;
    hafa ór við e-n, to behave so and so towards one (hefir þú illa ór haft við mik);
    hafa e-t til e-s to use for (höfðu þeir til varnar skot ok spjót); to be a reason or ground for;
    vér hyggjum þat til þess haft vera, at þar hafi menn sézt, we believe the foundation of the story is that men have been seen there;
    hafa mikit (lítit) til síns máls, to have much (little) in support of one’s case;
    hafa e-t til, to have at hand, possess;
    orð þau, sem hann hafði um haft, the words which he had used;
    keisari hafði fátt um, did not say much;
    hafa e-n undir, to get one under, subdue one;
    hafa e-t uppi, to take (heave) up (hafa uppi fœri, net);
    Skarpheðinn hafði uppi øxina, S. heaved up the axe;
    hafa flokk uppi, to raise a party, to rebel;
    hafa uppi tafl, to play at a game;
    hafa e-n uppi, to bring one to light;
    hafa uppi rœður, to begin a discussion;
    hafa e-t úti, to have done, finished (hafa úti sitt dagsverk);
    hafa við e-m, to be a match for one;
    hafa sik við, to exert oneself;
    hafa mikit (lítit) við, to make a great (little) display;
    hann söng messu ok bafði mikit við, and made much of it;
    hann bad jarl leita, bann hafði lítit við þat, he did it lightly;
    haf ekki slíkt við, do not say so;
    haf þú lítit við at eggja sonu þina, refrain from egging on thy sons;
    15) refl., hafast.
    * * *
    pret. hafði; subj. hefði; pres. sing. hefi (less correctly hefir), hefir, hefir; plur. höfum, hafit, hafa: the mod. pres. sing. is monosyllabic hefr or hefur, and is used so in rhymes—andvara engan hefur | … við glys heims gálaus sefur, Pass. 15. 6, but in print the true old form hefir is still retained; the monosyllabic present is used even by old writers in the 1st pers. before the personal or negative suffix, e. g. hef-k and hef-k-a ek for hefi-g and hefig-a ek, see e. g. Grág. (Kb.) 79, 82, in the old oath formula, hef-k eigi, Hallfred; hef ek, Fms. iii. 10 (in a verse); but not so in 3rd pers., e. g. hefir-a or hefir-at, Grág. l. c.: imperat. haf, hafðu: part. pass. hafðr, neut. haft;—hafat is an απ. λεγ., Vsp. 16, and is prob. qs. hafit from hefja, to heave, lift: [Ulf. haban; A. S. habban; Engl. have; Hel. hebben; Germ. haben; Dutch hebben; Dan. have, Swed. hafva: it is curious the Lat. form habere retains the consonant unchanged, cp. the Romance forms, Ital. avere, Fr. avoir, Span. haber, etc. ☞ Hafa is a weak verb, and thus distinguished from hefja (to lift, begin), which is a strong verb, answering to Lat. capere, incipere; but in sundry cases, as will be seen below, it passes into the sense of this latter word; as also in some instances into that of another lost strong verb, hafa, hóf, to behave, and hœfa, to hit]:—to have.
    A. To have; hann hafði með sér ekki meira lið, Fms. i. 39; hafði hverr hirð um sik, 52; höfðu þeir áttján skip, viii. 42; Sverrir hafði tvau hundrað manna, … þeir höfðu annan samnað á landi, 328; hann hafði mikit lið ok frítt, x. 36; þeir höfðu sjau skip ok flest stór, 102; hafa fjölmennar setur, Eb. 22; hann hafði menn sína í síldveri, Eg. 42; mun ek naut hafa þar sem mér þykkir hagi beztr, 716.
    II. to hold:
    1. to keep, celebrate; hafa ok halda, Dipl. i. 6; hafa átrúnað, 10; hafa dóma, 12; hafa blót, Fms. iv. 254; hafa vina-veizlu, id.; hafa vina-boð, Nj. 2; hafa Jóla-boð, Eg. 516; hafa þing, Fms. ix. 449; hafa haust-boð, Gísl. 27; hafa drykkju, Eb. 154; hafa leik, Fms. x. 201, passim.
    2. to hold, observe; hlýðir þat hvergi at hafa eigi lög í landi, Nj. 149; skal þat hafa, er stendr …, Grág. i. 7; skal þat allt hafa er finsk á skrá þeirri …, id.; en hvatki es mis-sagt es í fræðum þessum, þá es skylt at hafa þat (to keep, hold to be true) es sannara reynisk, Íb. 3; ok hafða ek (I kept, selected) þat ór hvárri er framarr greindi, Landn. 320, v. l.
    3. to hold, keep, retain; ef hann vill hafa hann til fardaga, Grág. i. 155; skal búandinn hafa hann hálfan mánuð, 154; ok hafði hvárr þat er hélt á, Nj. 279; hitt skal hafa er um fram er, Rb. 56; kasta í burt þrjátigi ok haf þat sem eptir verðr, 494.
    4. to hold an office; hafa lögsögu, to hold the office of lögsaga, Íb. passim; hafa jarldóm, konungdóm, passim; þat höfðu haft at fornu Dana-konungar, Eg. 267; þér berit konunga-nöfn svá sem fyrr hafa haft ( have had) forfeðr yðrir, en hafit lítið af ríki, Fms. i. 52; hafa ríki, to reign, Hkr. pref.
    5. phrases, hafa elda, to keep a fire, cook, Fms. xi. 129; hafa fjárgæzlu, to tend sheep, Eg. 740; hafa embætti með höndum, Stj. 204; hafa gæzlur á e-u, Fms. ix. 313; hafa … vetr, to have so many winters, be of such an age (cp. Fr. avoir … ans), Íb. 15; margir höfðu lítið fátt þúsund ára, Ver. 7: hafa vörn í máli, Nj. 93; hafa e-t með höndum, to have in hand, Fms. viii. 280, ix. 239; hafa e-t á höndum, Grág. i. 38; hafa fyrir satt, to hold for true, Fms. xi. 10; hafa við orð, to intimate, suggest, Nj. 160; hafa e-t at engu, vettugi, to hold for naught, take no notice of, Fas. i. 318.
    6. with prepp. or infin.,
    α. with prep.; hafa til, to have, possess; ef annarr þeirra hefir til enn annarr eigi, þá er sá skyldr til at fá honum er til hefir, Grág. i. 33; ef annarr hefir til …, id.; þér ætlið at ek muna eigi afl til hafa, Ld. 28.
    β. with infin.; hafa at varðveita, to have in keeping, Eg. 500; lög hafit þér at mæla, you have the law on your tongue, i. e. you are right, Nj. 101; hörð tíðindi hefi ek at segja þér, 64; sá er gripinn hefir at halda, Grág. i. 438; hafa at selja, to have on sale, Ld. 28.
    III. to use; var haft til þess sker eitt, Eb. 12; þá höfðu þeir til varnar skot ok spjót, Fms. vii. 193; er þín ráð vóru höfð, that thy advice was taken, Fs. 57; Gríss hafði þessi ráð, Fms. iii. 21; ek vil at þat sé haft er ek legg til, x. 249; þykki mér þú vel hafa ( make good use of) þau tillög er ek legg fyrir þik, xi. 61; til þess alls er jarli þótti skipta, þá hafði hann þessa hluti, 129; tvau ný (net), ok hafa eigi höfð verit ( which have not been used), haf þú ( take) hvárt er þú vilt, Háv. 46; þær vil ek hafa enar nýju, en ek vil ekki hætta til at hafa enar fornu, id.; önnur er ný ok mikil ok hefir ( has) til einskis höfð ( used) verið, id.; buðkr er fyrir húslker er hafðr, Vm. 171; gjalda vápn þau er höfð eru, N. G. L. i. 75; þat hafði hann haft ( used) fyrir skála, Edda 29; þeir vóru hafðir til at festa með hús jafnan, Nj. 118; sá hólmr var hafðr til at …, Fms. i. 218; hann skyldi hafa hinn sama eið, x. 7; orð þau sem hann hafði ( had) um haft ( used), Nj. 56; orð þau er hann hafði ( made use of) í barnskírn, K. Þ. K. 14.
    2. more special phrases; hafa fagrmæli við e-n, to flatter one, Nj. 224; hafa hljóðmæli við e-n, to speak secretly to one, 223; allmikil fjölkyngi mun vera við höfð áðr svá fái gört, Edda 27; hafa mörg orð um e-t, Ld. 268; hafa tvímæli á e-u, to discuss, doubt, speak diffidently of a thing, Lv. 52; hafa viðrmæli um e-t, to use mocking words, Nj. 89; hafa nafn Drottins í hégóma, to take the Lord’s name in vain, Fms. i. 310; (hann var) mjök hafðr við mál manna, much used to, versed in lawsuits, Dropl. 8: hafa sik til e-s, to use oneself to a thing, i. e. to do a mean, paltry thing; þeir er til þess vilja hafa sik, at ganga í samkundur manna úboðit, Gþl. 200; ef hann vill sik til þessa hafa, Fms. i. 99: hafa sik við, to exert oneself; skaltú ok verða þik við at hafa um þetta mál, ef þú getr þat af þér fært, Grett. 160: hafa e-n at skotspæni, to use one as a target, Nj. 222; hafa e-n at hlífi-skildi sér, to use one as a shield, 262; hafa e-n at ginningar-fifli, auga-bragði, háði, hlátri, Hm. 133, Nj. 224, passim.
    IV. to have, hold, maintain, of a state or condition; hafa vináttu við e-n, to maintain friendship with one, Sks. 662; hafa vanmátt, to continue sick, Eg. 565; hafa hættu-mikit, to run a great risk, Nj. 149; hafa vitfirring, to be insane, Grág. i. 154; hafa heilindi, to have good health, 26, Hm. 67; hafa burði til e-s, to have the birthright to a thing. Eg. 479; hafa hug, áræði, hyggindi, to have the courage …, Hom. 28; hafa vit ( to know), skyn, greind … á e-u, to have understanding of a thing; hafa gaman, gleði, skemtun, ánægju af e-u, to have interest or pleasure in a thing; hafa leiða, ógeð, andstygð, hatr, óbeit á e-u, to dislike, be disgusted with, hate a thing; hafa elsku, mætr, virðing á e-u, to love, esteeem … a thing; hafa allan hug á e-u, to bend the mind to a thing; hafa grun á e-m, to suspect one; hafa ótta, beyg af e-u, to fear a thing; and in numberless other phrases.
    2. with prepp.:
    α. hafa e-t frammi (fram), to carry out, hold forth; hafa frammi róg, Nj. 166; hafa mál fram, to proceed with a suit, 101; stefnu-för, 78; heitstrengingar, Fms. xi. 103; ok öll lögmælt skil frammi hafa, and discharge all one’s official duties, 232; var um búit en ekki fram haft, all was made ready, but nothing done, viii. 113; beini má varla verða betri en hér er frammi hafðr, xi. 52; hafðú í frammi ( use) kúgan við þá uppi við fjöllin, Ísl. ii. 215; margir hlutir, þó at hann hafi í frammi, Sks. 276.
    β. hafa mikit, lítið fyrir e-u, to have much, little trouble about a thing; (hence fyrir-höfn, trouble.)
    γ. hafa við e-m (afl or the like understood), to be a match for one, Fms. vii. 170, Lv. 109, Nj. 89, Eg. 474, Anal. 176; hafa mikit, lítið við, to make a great, little display; (hence við-höfn, display, pomp); hann söng messu ok hafði mikit við, he sang mass and made a great thing of it, Nj. 157; þú hefir mikit við, thou makest a great show of it, Boll. 351; hann bað jarl leita, hann hafði lítið við þat, he did it lightly, Nj. 141; haf ekki slíkt við, do not say so, Ld. 182.
    B. To take, carry off, win, wield, [closely akin to Lat. capere]:
    I. to catch, take, esp. in the phrase, hafa ekki e-s, to miss one; hann kemsk á skóg undan, ok höfðu þeir hans ekki, he took to the forest and they missed him, Nj. 130; ekki munu vér hans hafa at sinni, we sha’nt catch him at present, Fms. vi. 278; hafða ek þess vætki vífs, Hm. 101; þeygi ek hana at heldr hefik, 95: in swearing, tröll, herr, gramir hafi þik, the trolls, ghosts, etc. take thee! tröll hafi líf, ef …, Kormak; tröll hafi Trefót allan! Grett. (in a verse); tröll hafi þína vini, tröll hafi hól þitt, Nj.; herr hafi Þóri til slægan, confound the wily Thorir! Fms. vi. 278, v. l. (emended, as the phrase is wrongly explained in Fms. xii. Gloss.); gramir hafi þik! vide gramr.
    II. to carry, carry off, bring; hafði einn hjartað í munni sér, one carried the heart off in his mouth, Nj. 95; hann hafði þat ( brought it) norðan með sér, Eg. 42; hafði Þórólfr heim marga dýrgripi, 4; hann hafði með sér skatt allan, 62; skaltú biðja hennar ok hafa hana heim hingat, Edda 22; fé þat er hann hafði ( had) út haft ( carried from abroad), Gullþ. 13; á fimm hestum höfðu þeir mat, Nj. 74; bókina er hann hafði ( had) út haft, Fms. vii. 156; konungr hafði biskup norðr til Björgynjar með sér, viii. 296; biskup lét hann hafa með sér kirkju-við ok járn-klukku, Landn. 42; hann hafði með sér skulda-lið sitt ok búferli, Eb. 8; hann tók ofan hofit, ok hafði með sér flesta viðu, id.; ok hafa hana í brott, Fms. i. 3; tekr upp barnit, ok hefir heim með sér, Ísl. ii. 20; hann hafði lög út hingat ór Noregi, he brought laws hither from Norway, Íb. 5; haf þú heim hvali til bæjar, Hým. 26; ok hafa hann til Valhallar, Nj. 119.
    III. to take, get; hann hafði þá engan mat né drykk, he took no food nor drink, Eg. 602; hann hafði eigi svefn, he got no sleep, Bs. i. 139.
    2. to get, gain, win; öfluðu sér fjár, ok höfðu hlutskipti mikit, Eg. 4; eigi þarftú at biðja viðsmjörs þess, þvíat hann mun þat alls ekki hafa, né þú, for neither he nor thou shall get it, Blas. 28; jarl vill hafa minn fund, he will have a meeting with me, 40, Skv. 1. 4: the sayings, hefir sá jafnan er hættir, he wins that risks, ‘nothing venture, nothing have,’ Hrafn. 16; sá hefir krás er krefr, Sl. 29.
    3. phrases, hafa meira hlut, to get the better lot, gain the day, Nj. 90, Fms. xi. 93; hafa gagn, sigr, to gain victory, ix. 132, Eg. 7, Hkr. i. 215, Ver. 38; hafa betr, to get the better; hafa verr, miðr, to have the worst of it, Fms. v. 86, Þorst. S. St. 48, passim; hafa mál sitt, to win one’s suit, Grág. i. 7, Fms. vii. 34; hafa kaup öll, to get all the bargain, Eg. 71; hafa tafl, to win the game, Fms. vii. 219; hafa erendi, to do one’s errand, succeed, Þkv. 10, 11, Fas. ii. 517: hafa bana, to have one’s bane, to die, Nj. 8; hafa úsigr, to be worsted, passim; hafa úfrið, to have no peace; hafa gagn, sóma, heiðr, neisu, óvirðing, skömm, etc. af e-u, to get profit, gain, honour, disgrace, etc. from a thing; hafa e-n í helju, to put one to death, Al. 123; hafa e-n undir, to get one under, subdue him, Nj. 95, 128; höfum eigi, sigrinn ór hendi, let not victory slip out of our hands, Fms. v. 294.
    4. to get, receive; hann hafði góðar viðtökur, Nj. 4; hón skal hafa sex-tigi hundraða, 3; skyldi Högni hafa land, 118; selja skipit, ef hann hafði þat fyrir ( if he could get for it) sem hann vildi; Flosi spurði í hverjum aurum hann vildi fyrir hafa, hann kvaðsk vildu fyrir hafa land, 259; hafa tíðindi, sögur af e-m, to have, get tidings of or from one, Ld. 28; hafa sæmd, metorð óvirðing, to get honour, disgrace from one’s hands, Nj. 101; hafa bætr, to get compensation, Grág. i. 188; hafa innstæðuna eina, id.; hafa af e-m, to have the best of one, cheat one.
    IV. to carry, wear, of clothes, ornaments, weapons:
    1. of clothes, [cp. Lat. habitus and Icel. höfn = gear]; hafa hatt á höfði, Ld. 28; hafa váskufl yztan klæða, … þú skalt hafa undir ( wear beneath) hin góðu klæði þín, Nj. 32; hann hafði blán kyrtil, … hann hafði svartan kyrtil, Boll. 358; hafa fald á höfði, to wear a hood; hón hafði gaddan rautt á höfði, Orkn. 304; hann hafði um sik breitt belti, he wore a broad belt, Nj. 91; hafa fingr-gull á hendi, 146: to have about one’s person, vefja saman ok hafa í pungi sínum, Edda 27; hlutir sem mönnum var títt at hafa, Fms. xi. 128.
    2. of weapons, to wield, carry; spjót þat er þú hefir í hendi, Boll. 350; hafa kylfu í hendi sér, to have a club in one’s hand, Fms. xi. 129; hafa staf í hendi, to have a stick in the hand, Bárð.; Gunnarr hafði atgeirinn ok sverðit, Kolskeggr hafði saxit, Hjörtr hafði alvæpni, Nj. 93; hann hafdi öxi snaghyrnda, Boll. 358; hann hafði kesjuna fyrir sér, he held the lance in rest, Eg. 532.
    V. here may be added a few special phrases; hafa hendr fyrir sér, to grope, feel with the hands (as in darkness); hafa vit fyrir sér, to act wisely; hafa at sér hendina, to draw one’s hand back, Stj. 198; hafa e-t eptir, to do or repeat a thing after one, Konr.; hafa e-t yfir, to repeat (of a lesson): hafa sik, to betake oneself; hafa sik til annarra landa, Grett. 9 new Ed.; hann vissi varla hvar hann átti at hafa sik, he knew not where ( whither) to betake himself, Bs. i. 807; hefir hann sik aptr á stað til munklífisins, Mar.
    C. Passing into the sense of hefja (see at the beginning); hafa e-t uppi, to heave up, raise; hafa flokk uppi, to raise a party, to rebel, Fb. ii. 89: hafa uppi færi, net, a fisherman’s term, to heave up, take up the net or line, Háv. 46; Skarphéðinn hafði uppi ( heaved up) öxina, Nj. 144: hafa uppi tafl, to play at a game, Vápn. 29; þar vóru mjök töfl uppi höfð ok sagna-skemtan, Þorf. Karl. 406, v. l.: hafa e-n uppi, to hold one up, bring him to light; svá máttu oss skjótast uppi hafa, Fær. 42: metaph. to reveal, vándr riddari hafði allt þegar uppi, Str. 10.
    2. with the notion to begin; Bárðr hafði uppi orð sín ( began his suit) ok bað Sigríðar, Eg. 26, Eb. 142; hafa upp stefnu, to begin the summons, Boll. 350; hafa upp ræður, to begin a discussion; ræður þær er hann hafði uppi haft við Ingigerði, Fms. iv. 144, where the older text in Ó. H. reads umræður þær er hann hafði upp hafit (from hefja), 59; cp. also Vsp., þat langniðja-tal mun uppi hafat (i. e. hafit) meðan öld lifir, 16, (cp. upp-haf, beginning); þó at ek hafa síðarr um-ræðu um hann, better þó at ek hafa (i. e. hefja) síðarr upp ræðu um hann, though I shall below treat of, discuss that, Skálda (Thorodd) 168; er lengi hefir uppi verit haft síðan (of a song), Nj. 135; cp. also phrases such as, hafa á rás, to begin running, take to one’s heels, Fms. iv. 120, ix. 490; næsta morgin hefir út fjörðinn, the next morning a breeze off land arose, Bs. ii. 48: opp. is the phrase, hafa e-t úti, to have done, finished; hafa úti sitt dags-verk, Fms. xi. 431; hafa úti sekt sína, Grett. 149.
    D. Passing into the sense of a lost strong verb, hafa, hóf (see at the beginning), to behave, do, act:
    I. with an adverb, hafa vel, ílla, or the like, to behave, and in some instances to do well or badly, be happy or unhappy,
    α. to behave; en nú vil ek eigi verr hafa en þú, Fms. iv. 342; þeir sögðu at konungr vildi verr hafa en þeir, 313; hefir þú ílla ór (málum or the like understood) haft við mik, Fs. 140; ólikr er Gísli öðrum í þolinmæði, ok hefir hann betr en vér, Gísl. 28.
    β. to do so and so (to be happy, unhappy); verr hafa þeir er trygðum slitu, Mkv. 3; ílla hefir sá er annan svíkr, 18; vel hefir sá er þat líða lætr, 6; vel hefir sá ( he is happy) er eigi bíðr slíkt íllt þessa heims, Fms. v. 145; hvílíkt hefir þú, how dost thou? Mar.; hafa hart, to do badly, to be wretched; at sál Þorgils mætti fyrir þær sakir eigi hart hafa, Sturl. iii. 292, Mar.; Ólafr hafði þá hölzti ílla, O. was very poorly, D. N. ii. 156; þykisk sá bezt hafa ( happiest) er fyrstr kemr heim, Fms. xi. 248; þá hefir hann bazt af hann þegir, i. e. that is the best he can do if he holds his tongue, Hm. 19; þess get ek at sá hafi verr ( he will make a bad bargain) er þik flytr, Nj. 128; úlfgi hefir ok vel, the wolf is in a bad plight, Ls. 39; mun sá betr hafa er eigi tekr við þér, id.; betr hefðir þú, ef …, thou wouldest do better, if …, Akv. 16.
    γ. adding sik; hafa sik vel, to behave well, Fms. x. 415, Stj. 436.
    II. with the prep. at, to do, act, (hence at-höfn, at-hæfi, act, doing); hann lét ekki til búa vígs-málit ok engan hlut at hafa, Nj. 71; en ef þeim þykkir of lítið féit tekit, þá skulu þeir hafa at hit sama, to act in the same way, Grág. ii. 267; hvatki es þeir hafa at, Fms. xi. 132; hann tók af þér konuna, en þú hafðir ekki at, but thou didst not stir, didst take it tamely, Nj. 33; bæði munu menn þetta kalla stórvirki ok íllvirki, en þó má nú ekki at hafa, but there is no help for it, 202; eigi sýnisk mér meðal-atferðar-leysi, at vér höfum eigi at um kvámur hans, i. e. that we submit tamely to his coming, Fs. 32: absol., viltú þess freista, ok vita þá hvat at hafi, wilt thou try and see how it will do? Bjarn. 27; en nú skaltú fara fyrir, ok vita hvat at hafi, Bs. i. 712.
    III. phrases, hafa hátt, to be noisy, talk loud, Fms. i. 66; við skulum ekki hafa hátt ( do not cry loud) hér er maðr á glugganum, a lullaby song; hafa lágt, to keep silent; hafa hægt, to keep quiet; hafa sik á (í) hófi, to compose oneself, Ls. 36; hafa í hótum við e-n, to use threatening ( foul) language, Fb. i. 312; hafa í glett við e-n, to banter one, Fms. viii. 289; hafa íllt at verki, to do a bad deed, Ísl. ii. 184.
    E. Passing into the sense of the verb hæfa (see at the beginning), to aim at, hit, with dat.:
    I. to hit; svá nær hafði hausinum, at …, the shot so nearly hit the head, that …, Fms. ii. 272; þat sama forað, sem henni hafði næst váða, those very precipices from which she had so narrow an escape, Bs. i. 200, Fms. ix. 357; nær hafði nú, at skjótr mundi verða okkarr skilnaðr, Al. 124; nær hafði okkr nú, it struck near us, it was a narrow escape, Fms. viii. 281; kvaðsk svá dreymt hafa ( have dreamed), at þeim mundi nær hafa, ix. 387, v. l.; ok er nær hafði at skipit mundi fljóta, when the ship was on the point of floating, Ld. 58; ok hafði svá nær (it was within a hair’s breadth), at frændr Þorvalds mundu ganga at honum, Nj. 160; ok hafði svá nær at þeir mundi berjask, Íb. 11, cp. Bs. i. 21: the phrase, fjarri hefir, far from it! Edda (in a verse).
    2. to charge; eigi em ek þar fyrir sönnu hafðr, I am not truly aimed at for that, ‘tis a false charge, Eg. 64; þeim manni er fyrir sökum er hafðr, i. e. the culprit, Grág. i. 29; cp. the mod. phrase, hafa á e-u, to make a charge of a thing; það varð ekki á því haft, they could not make a case for a charge of it.
    II. metaph. to be the ground or reason for, (hence til-hæfa, reason, fact, foundation); til þess ætla vitrir menn þat haft at Ísland sé Tile (i. e. Thule) kallað, at …, learned men suppose that is the reason that Iceland is called Thule, that …, Landn. (pref.); mikit mun til haft, er einmæli er um (there must be some reason for it, because all people say so), Þorgils segir, eigi er fyrir haft ( there is no ground whatever for it), at ek mæla betr fyrir griðum en aðrir menn, Ísl. ii. 379; vér hyggjum þat til þess haft vera, at þar hafi menn sésk, we believe the substance of the story is that men have been seen there, Fms. xi. 158; hvat er til þess haft um þat (what is the truth of the matter?), hefir sundr-þykki orðit með ykkr? Boll. 364: in the saying, hefir hverr til síns ágætis nokkut, every one gets his reputation for something, Nj. 115.
    2. to happen, coincide; hefir svá til, at hann var þar sjálfr, Fms. xi. 138, v. l.
    β. the phrase, hafa mikit (lítið) til síns máls, to have much ( little) reason for one’s tale, i. e. to be much, little, in the right, Fms. vii. 221, xi. 138 (v. l.), Nj. 88: um þenna hefir svá stórum, it matters so much with this man, (v. l. for mun stórum skipta), Fms. xi. 311.
    F. REFLEX. to keep, dwell, abide, but only of a temporary shelter or abode, cp. Lat. habitare, (cp. also höfn, a haven); hann hefsk á náttartíma niðri í vötnum, at night-time he keeps down in the water, Stj. 77: to live, þeir höfðusk mjök í kaupferðum, they spent much of their life in travelling, Hkr. i. 276; hann hafðisk löngum í bænum, Bs. i. 353.
    β. with prep. við; hér mun ek við hafask ( I will stay here) en þú far til konungs, Fb. ii. 125; hafðisk hann við á skógum eðr í öðrum fylgsnum, 302; því at hann hafðisk þá á skipum við, Fms. viii. 44; hvílsk heldr ok hafsk við í því landi, rest and stay in that land, Stj. 162; Ásgeirr hafðisk við uppi í dalnum, Sd. 154; hafask lind fyrir, to cover oneself with a shield (?), Vsp. 50; hafask hlífar fyrir, to be mailed in armour, Hkm. 11.
    2. hafask at, to do, behave (cp. D. above); vóru þeir þá svá móðir, at þeir máttu ekki at hafask, Fms. ii. 149; en síðan skulut þér at hafa slíkt sem ek kann fyrir segja, i. 158; þat eitt munu við at hafask, at ek mun betr göra en þú, Nj. 19; Lambi sá hvat Steinarr hafðisk at, Eg. 747.
    3. hafask vel, to do well, thrive; vaxa ok vel hafask, to wax and do well, Hm. 142; nú er þat bæn mín, at þér hafisk við vel, that you bear yourself well up, Fms. ix. 497; Jungfrúin hafðisk vel við í ferðinni, x. 86; at fé hans mundi eigi hafask at betr at meðal-vetri, Grág. ii. 326.
    4. recipr., hafask orð við, to speak to one another; ok er þat ósiðlegt, at menn hafisk eigi orð við, Fs. 14; þar til er þeir hafask réttar tölur við, N. G. L. i. 182.
    II. part. hafandi is used in the sense of having conceived, being with child; þá verit hann varr við at hón var hafandi, 656 B. 14; hón skyldi verða hafandi at Guðs syni, id.; generally, allt þat er hafanda var lét burð sinn ok ærðisk, Fms. vii. 187; svá sem hón verðr at honum hafandi, Stj. 178; (hence barns-hafandi, being with child.)
    G. The word hafa is in the Icel., as in other Teut. languages, used as an auxiliary verb with a part. pass. of another verb, whereby a compound preterite and pluperfect are formed as follows:
    I. in transitive verbs with acc. the participle also was put in acc., agreeing in gender, number, and case with the objective noun or pronoun; this seems to have been a fixed rule in the earliest time, and is used so in all old poems down at least to the middle of the 11th century, to the time of Sighvat (circ. A. D. 990–1040), who constantly used the old form,—átt is an apostrophe for átta in the verse Ó. H. 81:
    1. references from poets, Gm. 5, 12, 16; þá er forðum mik fædda höfðu, Vsp. 2; hverr hefði lopt lævi blandit eðr ætt jötuns Óðs mey gefna, 29; þær’s í árdaga áttar höfðu, 60: ek hafða fengna konungs reiði, Ad. 3; en Grjótbjörn um gnegðan hefir, 18; mik hefir marr miklu ræntan, Stor. 10; þó hefir Míms-vinr mér um fengnar bölva bætr, 22: gaupur er Haraldr hafi sveltar, Hornklofi: Loka mær hefir leikinn allvald, Ýt. 7; sá hafði borinn brúna-hörg, 14; jarlar höfðu veginn hann, 15: ek hef orðinn ( found) þann guðföðr (verða is here used as trans.), Hallfred; höfum kera framðan, id.: hann hefir litnar, sénar, hár bárur, Ísl. ii. 223, thus twice in a verse of A. D. 1002; göngu hefik of gengna, Korm. (in a verse); hann hafði farna för, Hkr. i. (Glum Geirason); ek hefi talðar níu orustur, Sighvat; þú hefir vanðan þik, id.; ér hafit rekna þá braut, Ó. H. 63 (Óttar Svarti); hann hefir búnar okkr hendr skrautliga, Sighvat (Ó. H. 13); þeir hafa færð sín höfuð Knúti, id.; hvar hafit ér hugðan mér sess, id.; hafa sér kenndan enn nørðra heims enda, id.; Sighvatr hefir lattan gram, id.; hefir þú hamar um fólginn, Þkv. 7, 8; þú hefir hvatta okkr, Gkv. 6; ek hefi yðr brennda, Am. 39, cp. 56; hefi ek þik minntan, 81; hefir þú hjörtu tuggin, Akv. 36; hefir þú mik dvalðan, Hbl. 51; ek hefi hafðar þrár, I have had throes, Fsm. 51; en ek hann görvan hef-k, svá hefi ek studdan, 12 (verse 13 is corrupt); hann hefir dvalða þik, Hkv. Hjörv. 29; lostna, 30; mik hefir sóttan meiri glæpr, 32; ek hefi brúði kerna, id.; þú hefir etnar úlfa krásir, opt sár sogin, Hkv. 1. 36; sá er opt hefir örnu sadda, 35; hefir þú kannaða koni óneisa, 23; þá er mik svikna höfðut, Skv. 3. 55; hann hafði getna sonu, Bkv. 8; þann sal hafa halir um görvan, Fm. 42; bróður minn hefir þú benjaðan, 25; er hann ráðinn hefir, 37; sjaldan hefir þú gefnar vargi bráðir, Eg. (in a verse).
    2. references from prose; this old form has since been turned into an indecl. neut. sing. part. -it. The old form was first lost in the strong verbs and the weak verbs of the first conjugation: in the earliest prose both forms are used, although the indecl. is more freq. even in the prose writers, as Íb., the Heiðarv. S., the Miracle-book in Bs., Njála, Ó. H., (Thorodd seems only to use the old form,) as may be seen from the following references, Björn hafði særða þrjá menn, Nj. 262; hann mundi hana hafa gipta honum, 47; hann hafði þá leidda saman hestana, 264: ek hefi sendan mann, Ísl. (Heiðarv. S.) ii. 333; ek nefi senda menn, id.: hafa son sinn ór helju heimtan, Bs. (Miracle-book) i. 337; en er þeir höfðu niðr settan sveininn, 349; hann hafði veidda fimm tegu fiska, 350: er þér hefir ílla neisu gorva, Ó. H. 107: þá hefi ek fyrri setta þá í stafrófi, Skálda (Thorodd) 161; þar hefi ek við görva þessa stafi fjóra, id.; hafa hann samsettan, 167: góða fylgd hefir þú mér veitta, Þorst Síðu H. 2: sagði, at Ólafr konungr hafði sendan hann, Bs. i. 11: Þyri, er hertogi hafði festa nauðga, Fms. x. 393 (Ágrip): hefi ek þá svá signaða ok magnaða, v. 236: hefir sólin gengna tvá hluti, en einn úgenginn, K. Þ. K. 92 (Lund’s Syntax, p. 12).
    β. again, neut. indecl., hana hafði átt fyrr Þoróddr, Ísl. ii. 192: hón hafði heimt húskarl sinn …, Ísl. (Heiðarv. S.) ii. 339; hann hefir ekki svá vel gyrt hest minn, 340; hefir þú eigi séð mik, 341; hve hann hafði lokkat hann. id.; gistingar hefi ek yðr fengit, 343: þeir höfðu haft úfrið ok orrostur, Íb. 12; hann hafði tekið lögsögu, 14: stafr er átt hafði Þorlákr, Bs. (Miracle-book) i. 340; er þær höfðu upp tekit ketilinn ok hafit …, 342; göngu es hann hafði gingit, 344; es sleggjuna hafði niðr fellt, 346; sem maðr hefði nýsett (hana) niðr, id.; jartein þá er hann þóttisk fingit hafa, 347; hafði prestrinn fært fram sveininn, 349: hjálm er Hreiðmarr hafði átt, Edda 73: hafa efnt sína heitstrenging, Fms. (Jómsv. S.) xi. 141: slíkan dóm sem hann hafði mér hugat, Ó. H. 176, etc. passim:—at last the inflexion disappeared altogether, and so at the present time the indecl. neut. sing. is used throughout; yet it remains in peculiar instances, e. g. konu hefi eg mér festa, Luke xiv. 20, cp. Vídal. ii. 21. ☞ This use of the inflexive part. pass. may often serve as a test of the age of a poem, e. g. that Sólarljóð was composed at a later date may thus be seen from verses 27, 64, 72, 73, 75, 79; but this test is to be applied with caution, as the MSS. have in some cases changed the true forms (-inn, -ann, and -it, -an being freq. abbreviated in the MSS. so as to render the reading dubious). In many cases the old form is no doubt to be restored, e. g. in vegit to veginn, Fm. 4, 23; búit to búinn, Hkv. Hjörv. 15; borit to borinn, Hkv. 1. 1; beðit to beðinn, Fsm. 48; orðit to orðin, Og. 23; roðit to roðinn, Em. 5; brotið to brotinn, Vkv. 24, etc.: but are we to infer from Ls. 23, 26, 33, that this poem is of a comparatively late age?
    II. the indecl. neut. sing. is, both in the earliest poems and down to the present day, used in the following cases:
    1. with trans. verbs requiring the dat. or gen.; ek hefi fengit e-s, hann hafði fengit konu; hafa hefnt e-s, Fms. xi. 25; sú er hafði beðit fjár, Þkv. 32; stillir hefir stefnt mér, Hkv. Hjörv. 33, and so in endless cases.
    2. in the reflex. part. pass.; þeir (hann) hafa (hefir) látisk, farisk, sagsk, etc.
    3. in part. of intrans. neut. verbs, e. g. þeir þær (hann, hón), hafa (hefir) setið, staðit, gengit, legit, farit, komit, verit, orðit, lifað, dáit, heitið …, also almost in every line both of prose and poetry.
    4. in trans. verbs with a neut. sing. in objective case the difference cannot be seen.
    ☞ The compound preterite is common to both the Romance and Teutonic languages, and seems to be older in the former than in the latter; Grimm suggests that it originated with the French, and thence spread to the Teutons. That it was not natural to the latter is shewn by the facts, that
    α. no traces of it are found in Gothic, nor in the earliest Old High German glossaries to Latin words.
    β. in the earliest Scandinavian poetry we can trace its passage from declinable to indeclinable.
    γ. remains are left in poetry of a primitive uncompounded preterite infinitive, e. g. stóðu = hafa staðit, mundu, skyldu, vildu, etc., see Gramm. p. xxv, col. 2. ☞ We may here note a curious dropping of the verb hefir, at ek em kominn hingat til lands, ok verit áðr ( having been) langa hríð utan-lands, Ó. H. 31, cp. Am. 52; barn at aldri, en vegit slíka hetju sem Þorvaldr var, Glúm. 382. On this interesting matter see Grimm’s remarks in his Gramm. iv. 146 sqq.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > HAFA

  • 4 גדל I, גדל

    גָּדַלI, גָּדֵל (b. h.; v. גדל II) to be high, to grow, be large, tall. Ex. R. s. 1 שהיה גָדֵל שלאוכ׳ he was extraordinarily tall for his age. Ib. וכי אין הכל גְּדֵילִים do not all children grow?Y.Maasr.I, 49a, v. טְפוּס; a. fr. Fem. גְּדֵילָה, pl. גְּדֵילוֹת. Succ.34a; a. fr. Pi. גִּדֵּל, גִּידֵּל 1) to raise (of live stock and of plants); to rear, train. Kil. VIII, 1 מּותרים לגַדֵּל you are permitted to raise. Snh.19b מיכל גִּידְּלָה Michal reared (Mirabs children). Ib.; Meg.13a המְגַדֵּל יתוםוכ׳ he who educates an orphan in his house. Gen. R. s. 98 הינ … מְגַדְּלִים שער they let their hair grow (in mourning). Erub.100b מְגַדָּלֶת שער she lets her hair grow (does not cut it); a. fr. 2) to raise to dignity, make famous; to praise. Hor.9a (ref. to Lev. 21:10) whence do we know אם אין לו שחייבין לגַדְּלוֹ when he (the Highpriest) is poor, that they (the brethren) are bound to raise him (make him independent)? Ib. גַּדְּלֵהוּ משל אחיו raise him by a collection from his brethren (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.). Esth. R. to III, 1 למה גִדְּלוֹ for what purpose did (the Lord) raise him? Yalk. Esth. 1053 עד היכן גִּידְּלוֹוכ׳ how high did he raise him? Fifty cubits (to the gallows); a. fr.Y.Meg.III, end, 74c (ref. to הגדול, Neh. 8:6) במה גִידְּלֹו wherewith did he magnify the Lord (describe His greatness)?; Yoma 69b ג׳ בשםוכ׳ he praised the Lord by pronouncing the tetragrammaton; Y.Ber.VII, 11c גודלו (corr. acc.)Part. pass. מְגוּרָּל well grown. Ber.11a; a. fr.Kidd.49a, b, v. גַּדֶּלֶת. Hif. הִגְדִּיל to grow up, to become of age. Yeb.X, 9 וּמִשֶּׁהִ׳ and after he is of age. Ib. XIII, 1 עד שתַּגְדִּיל until she becomes of age; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְגַּדֵּל, Nithpa. נִתְגַּדֵּל 1) to be raised to dignity. Esth. R. to III, 1 יִתְגַּדֵּל ואח״כ יתלה let him first become great and then be hanged. Gen. R. s. 99, end (play on פֹּרָת, Gen. 49:22) ע״י פָּרוֹת נ׳ by means of cows (Pharaohs dream) was he raised to power; a. fr. 2) to be magnified. Y.Ber.IX, 14a top; Y.Taan.I, 64b top יִתְגַּדֵּלוכ׳ may Thy Name be glorified, sanctified ; a. e. 3) to glorify ones self, to boast, parade. Ned.62a; Ab. IV, 5 אל תעשם עטרה להִתְגַּדֵּל בהם make them (the words of the Law) not a crown to parade therewith. 4) to grow, prosper, be nursed. Tanḥ. Vzoth 1; Pesik. ib. p. 199a> הרי … מִתְגַּדֵּל עמו the poison-bearing tree will be nursed along with it (the health-giving tree). Tanḥ. Bresh. 7 נִתְגַּדַּלְתָּ וחטאת thou didst grow older and didst sin, opp. תינוק היית; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > גדל I, גדל

  • 5 גָּדַל

    גָּדַלI, גָּדֵל (b. h.; v. גדל II) to be high, to grow, be large, tall. Ex. R. s. 1 שהיה גָדֵל שלאוכ׳ he was extraordinarily tall for his age. Ib. וכי אין הכל גְּדֵילִים do not all children grow?Y.Maasr.I, 49a, v. טְפוּס; a. fr. Fem. גְּדֵילָה, pl. גְּדֵילוֹת. Succ.34a; a. fr. Pi. גִּדֵּל, גִּידֵּל 1) to raise (of live stock and of plants); to rear, train. Kil. VIII, 1 מּותרים לגַדֵּל you are permitted to raise. Snh.19b מיכל גִּידְּלָה Michal reared (Mirabs children). Ib.; Meg.13a המְגַדֵּל יתוםוכ׳ he who educates an orphan in his house. Gen. R. s. 98 הינ … מְגַדְּלִים שער they let their hair grow (in mourning). Erub.100b מְגַדָּלֶת שער she lets her hair grow (does not cut it); a. fr. 2) to raise to dignity, make famous; to praise. Hor.9a (ref. to Lev. 21:10) whence do we know אם אין לו שחייבין לגַדְּלוֹ when he (the Highpriest) is poor, that they (the brethren) are bound to raise him (make him independent)? Ib. גַּדְּלֵהוּ משל אחיו raise him by a collection from his brethren (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l.). Esth. R. to III, 1 למה גִדְּלוֹ for what purpose did (the Lord) raise him? Yalk. Esth. 1053 עד היכן גִּידְּלוֹוכ׳ how high did he raise him? Fifty cubits (to the gallows); a. fr.Y.Meg.III, end, 74c (ref. to הגדול, Neh. 8:6) במה גִידְּלֹו wherewith did he magnify the Lord (describe His greatness)?; Yoma 69b ג׳ בשםוכ׳ he praised the Lord by pronouncing the tetragrammaton; Y.Ber.VII, 11c גודלו (corr. acc.)Part. pass. מְגוּרָּל well grown. Ber.11a; a. fr.Kidd.49a, b, v. גַּדֶּלֶת. Hif. הִגְדִּיל to grow up, to become of age. Yeb.X, 9 וּמִשֶּׁהִ׳ and after he is of age. Ib. XIII, 1 עד שתַּגְדִּיל until she becomes of age; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְגַּדֵּל, Nithpa. נִתְגַּדֵּל 1) to be raised to dignity. Esth. R. to III, 1 יִתְגַּדֵּל ואח״כ יתלה let him first become great and then be hanged. Gen. R. s. 99, end (play on פֹּרָת, Gen. 49:22) ע״י פָּרוֹת נ׳ by means of cows (Pharaohs dream) was he raised to power; a. fr. 2) to be magnified. Y.Ber.IX, 14a top; Y.Taan.I, 64b top יִתְגַּדֵּלוכ׳ may Thy Name be glorified, sanctified ; a. e. 3) to glorify ones self, to boast, parade. Ned.62a; Ab. IV, 5 אל תעשם עטרה להִתְגַּדֵּל בהם make them (the words of the Law) not a crown to parade therewith. 4) to grow, prosper, be nursed. Tanḥ. Vzoth 1; Pesik. ib. p. 199a> הרי … מִתְגַּדֵּל עמו the poison-bearing tree will be nursed along with it (the health-giving tree). Tanḥ. Bresh. 7 נִתְגַּדַּלְתָּ וחטאת thou didst grow older and didst sin, opp. תינוק היית; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > גָּדַל

  • 6 נפק

    נְפַקch. (corresp. to h. יצא) same, 1) to go out, come out; to result, end. Targ. O. 8:7 מִיפַּק ed. Berl. (oth. ed. a. Y. מֵיפַק); a. v. fr.Y.Ber.I, 2c top שרי מלכא נ׳ וכ׳ when the king begins to march out, even if he has not yet gone out, we say, he has gone out. Ib. 3c bot. הוינן נַפְקִין לתצניתא we went out for fast and prayer. Koh. R. to X, 8 מִינְּפַק ליה (= מן נ׳) after he came out. Y.Taan.IV, 69a מִנַּפְקִן when they came out; Lam. R. to II, 2 מן דנַפְקוּן. Y. l. c. לא נפקון טבאות (Matt. K. to Lam. R. l. c. לא נַפְקַת להון) they did not end well. Pesik. Bshall., p. 94a> וגוש חלבאי נפקיןוכ׳ and the men of Giscala went out after them with sticks ; Koh. R. to XI, 2 וגוש חלב אנפקין (corr. acc.); a. v. fr.Imperat. פּוּק. Targ. Gen. 8:16; a. fr.Erub.14b, a. e. פ׳ חזיוכ׳, v. דְּבַר. Sabb.106a, a. e. פ׳ תניוכ׳, v. בַּר I ch.Part. נָפֵיק. Targ. 1 Kings 15:17; v. next w.; a. fr.(כנ׳) כד לפיק ביה = h. כיוצא בו (v. יָצָא) similar to, corresponding. Targ. Y. II Gen. 2:18. Targ. Y. Deut. 14:8 (not כַּנְפֵיק, כַּנְפֵק).Y.Ber.VI, 10b bot. נ׳ אנא ידי חובתי do I do my duty?, v. יָצָא. Succ.36b ונ׳ בה and used it for doing his duty (for the ceremony of Ethrog).Y.Sabb.VI, 8a top, a. e. מה נָ׳ מן ביניהון what is the outcome from between them?, i. e. what is the difference between them in practice? נפקא מונהוכ׳ the practical difference is Bets.6b למאי נ׳ מינה in regard to what practice is there a difference (whether or not eggs found in a chicken can be hatched)? למקח וממכר it makes a difference in trade (if one bought eggs for breeding). Keth.72a מאי נ׳ לה מינה תיעביד what difference does it make to her? let her do it; a. v. fr.Tem.7a נ׳ ליהוכ׳ it is derived from the Biblical word Ib. תֵּיפוּק ליה זריקהוכ׳ let ‘sprinkling be derived from Gen. R. s. 52 ונְיפוֹק ידוי and do justice to it (to the verse to be explained), v. supra. 2) to take out, exclude. Sabb.74a ולֵיפוּק חדאוכ׳ let him take out one (of the enumerated categories) and insert another one. Ḥull.43a לא תִיפַּק, v. infraTarg. Am. 9:13, v. infra. Af. אַפֵּיק, Haf. הַנְפַּק 1) to lead forth, carry forth; to bring forth, produce; to derive; to take out, exclude. Targ. Ex. 16:3. Targ. Am. 9:13 במַפִּיק ed. Lag. (oth. ed. במִפַּק, corr. acc.). Targ. Job 15:13; a. fr.Ber.38a (ref. to המוציא in the benediction over bread) דא׳ משמע it means ‘who has brought forth; דמַפִּיק משמע it means ‘who brings forth. Ib. אַפִּיקוּ ליה ריפתא they brought out bread (and placed it) before him. Ib. (ref. to המוציא, Ex. 6:7) כד מַפִּיקְנָא לכו … דאַפֵּיקִיתוכ׳ when I lead you forth, I shall do for you a thing that you may know that it is I who led you forth. Sot.16b; R. Hash. 13a לא תַפִּיק נפשך יכ׳ do not let thyself go beyond the established rule. B. Bath.60a דהוה מַפְּיקוכ׳ which led to (opened towards) etc. Tem.3b מפיק שםוכ׳ utters the name of the Lord in vain. Ib. 7a מַפְּקִינָן לבמת יחיד we derive from it a rule for individual high-places.Ḥull.42b אַפֵּיק חדאוכ׳ take out one category and insert another. Ib. 43a top הנך דאַפְּקַת לא תַפִּיק Tosaf. (ed. לא תיפק) the two which thou didst exclude, do not exclude; a. v. fr.לְאַפּוּקֵי or לַאֲפוּקֵי to the exclusion of, v. אַפֵּק. 2) to take out by legal decision; to collect; to claim. Keth.76b מייתי אב ראיה ומפיק the father brings evidence and gets a verdict for collecting, opp. ומוקים for letting the money stand where it is. Y.Gitt.I, end, 43d ואַפְּקוּן מיניה and collected from him. Ib. בעון מִיפְּקָא (v. supra Pe. 2) they wanted to collect. Y.Shebu.VII, 38a top אתון ואַפְּקוּן דלאוכ׳ they came and claimed that he had not given them anything; a. fr. Ittaf. אִיתַּפַּק, Ithaf. אִתְאַפַּק to be carried forth. Targ. Gen. 38:25; a. fr.Y.Gitt.VI, 48a bot. אתא׳ למקטלא was led out to be executed.

    Jewish literature > נפק

  • 7 נְפַק

    נְפַקch. (corresp. to h. יצא) same, 1) to go out, come out; to result, end. Targ. O. 8:7 מִיפַּק ed. Berl. (oth. ed. a. Y. מֵיפַק); a. v. fr.Y.Ber.I, 2c top שרי מלכא נ׳ וכ׳ when the king begins to march out, even if he has not yet gone out, we say, he has gone out. Ib. 3c bot. הוינן נַפְקִין לתצניתא we went out for fast and prayer. Koh. R. to X, 8 מִינְּפַק ליה (= מן נ׳) after he came out. Y.Taan.IV, 69a מִנַּפְקִן when they came out; Lam. R. to II, 2 מן דנַפְקוּן. Y. l. c. לא נפקון טבאות (Matt. K. to Lam. R. l. c. לא נַפְקַת להון) they did not end well. Pesik. Bshall., p. 94a> וגוש חלבאי נפקיןוכ׳ and the men of Giscala went out after them with sticks ; Koh. R. to XI, 2 וגוש חלב אנפקין (corr. acc.); a. v. fr.Imperat. פּוּק. Targ. Gen. 8:16; a. fr.Erub.14b, a. e. פ׳ חזיוכ׳, v. דְּבַר. Sabb.106a, a. e. פ׳ תניוכ׳, v. בַּר I ch.Part. נָפֵיק. Targ. 1 Kings 15:17; v. next w.; a. fr.(כנ׳) כד לפיק ביה = h. כיוצא בו (v. יָצָא) similar to, corresponding. Targ. Y. II Gen. 2:18. Targ. Y. Deut. 14:8 (not כַּנְפֵיק, כַּנְפֵק).Y.Ber.VI, 10b bot. נ׳ אנא ידי חובתי do I do my duty?, v. יָצָא. Succ.36b ונ׳ בה and used it for doing his duty (for the ceremony of Ethrog).Y.Sabb.VI, 8a top, a. e. מה נָ׳ מן ביניהון what is the outcome from between them?, i. e. what is the difference between them in practice? נפקא מונהוכ׳ the practical difference is Bets.6b למאי נ׳ מינה in regard to what practice is there a difference (whether or not eggs found in a chicken can be hatched)? למקח וממכר it makes a difference in trade (if one bought eggs for breeding). Keth.72a מאי נ׳ לה מינה תיעביד what difference does it make to her? let her do it; a. v. fr.Tem.7a נ׳ ליהוכ׳ it is derived from the Biblical word Ib. תֵּיפוּק ליה זריקהוכ׳ let ‘sprinkling be derived from Gen. R. s. 52 ונְיפוֹק ידוי and do justice to it (to the verse to be explained), v. supra. 2) to take out, exclude. Sabb.74a ולֵיפוּק חדאוכ׳ let him take out one (of the enumerated categories) and insert another one. Ḥull.43a לא תִיפַּק, v. infraTarg. Am. 9:13, v. infra. Af. אַפֵּיק, Haf. הַנְפַּק 1) to lead forth, carry forth; to bring forth, produce; to derive; to take out, exclude. Targ. Ex. 16:3. Targ. Am. 9:13 במַפִּיק ed. Lag. (oth. ed. במִפַּק, corr. acc.). Targ. Job 15:13; a. fr.Ber.38a (ref. to המוציא in the benediction over bread) דא׳ משמע it means ‘who has brought forth; דמַפִּיק משמע it means ‘who brings forth. Ib. אַפִּיקוּ ליה ריפתא they brought out bread (and placed it) before him. Ib. (ref. to המוציא, Ex. 6:7) כד מַפִּיקְנָא לכו … דאַפֵּיקִיתוכ׳ when I lead you forth, I shall do for you a thing that you may know that it is I who led you forth. Sot.16b; R. Hash. 13a לא תַפִּיק נפשך יכ׳ do not let thyself go beyond the established rule. B. Bath.60a דהוה מַפְּיקוכ׳ which led to (opened towards) etc. Tem.3b מפיק שםוכ׳ utters the name of the Lord in vain. Ib. 7a מַפְּקִינָן לבמת יחיד we derive from it a rule for individual high-places.Ḥull.42b אַפֵּיק חדאוכ׳ take out one category and insert another. Ib. 43a top הנך דאַפְּקַת לא תַפִּיק Tosaf. (ed. לא תיפק) the two which thou didst exclude, do not exclude; a. v. fr.לְאַפּוּקֵי or לַאֲפוּקֵי to the exclusion of, v. אַפֵּק. 2) to take out by legal decision; to collect; to claim. Keth.76b מייתי אב ראיה ומפיק the father brings evidence and gets a verdict for collecting, opp. ומוקים for letting the money stand where it is. Y.Gitt.I, end, 43d ואַפְּקוּן מיניה and collected from him. Ib. בעון מִיפְּקָא (v. supra Pe. 2) they wanted to collect. Y.Shebu.VII, 38a top אתון ואַפְּקוּן דלאוכ׳ they came and claimed that he had not given them anything; a. fr. Ittaf. אִיתַּפַּק, Ithaf. אִתְאַפַּק to be carried forth. Targ. Gen. 38:25; a. fr.Y.Gitt.VI, 48a bot. אתא׳ למקטלא was led out to be executed.

    Jewish literature > נְפַק

  • 8 שקע

    שָׁקַע(b. h.) 1) to be depressed, sink, go down. Y.Ab. Zar. III, 42c bot. אם היה חותמה שוֹקֵעַ if the seal on it was engraven, opp. בולט; Tosef. ib. V (VI), 2; Bab. ib. 43b. Gen. R. s. 19 (ref. to לרוח היום, Gen. 3:8) לרוח ששוֹקַעַת עם היום by the (western) wind that goes down with the day. Ib. כל שהיום שוקעוכ׳ the more the day goes down, the cooler it grows. Y.Sabb.I, 3d top אחד צף ואחד שוקעוכ׳ one kind of poison floats, another settles Mikv. X, 1 צלוחית שפיה שוקע a bottle the mouth of which is turned down. Men.103b, v. Hithpa.; a. fr. 2) to sink, let down. B. Mets.V, 7 מששְׁקָעוֹ בכבשן after he let the lime stones down into the kiln (Y. ed. משיִשְׁקַע כבשנו, or משיְשַׁקֵּעַ) when he has filled his kiln). Yalk. Koh. 966, v. שָׁלָה; a. e.Part. pass. שָׁקוּעַ; f. שְׁקוּעָה Bekh.43b, v. חָרַם. Ex. R. s. 1522> והארץ ש׳ במים the earth was submerged in water. Sifra Thazr., Par. 5, ch. XV (ref. to פחתת, Lev. 13:55) שיהיו כל מראיה שְׁקוּעִין Rabad (ed. שוֹקְעִין) that all its colors appear lower (v. שַׁקִּיעַ; cmp. עָמוֹק); Yalk. Lev. 553 שוֹקְעִין; a. e.Bekh.VII, 1 ראשו ש׳, v. שָׁקוּט. Pi. שִׁיקֵּעַ to sink, let down. Snh.VI, 4 מְשַׁקְּעִין את הקורהוכ׳ they insert the trunk (of the gallows) in the ground. Y.Shek.V, end, 49b כמה ממון שִׁיקְּעוּ אבותי כאן how much money have my ancestors sunk here (in building that synagogue)!; כמה נפשות שיקעווכ׳ how many souls did thy ancestors sink here! were there no people to study the Law (on whom that money might have been spent)?; Y.Peah VIII, end, 21b. B. Mets.V, 7 Y. ed., v. supra; a. e.Trnsf. to embody in a collection without regard to original wording, to edit, abridge. Y.Hor.III, 48c top; Y.Sabb.XVI, 15c הדא דאת אמר עד שלא ש׳ בו רבי רוב משניות אבל משש׳וכ׳ what you say (that the study of the Mishnah collection is preferable) refers to the time before Rabbi had embodied and abridged most of the Mishnayoth in his edition, but since then, run at all times after the Talmud (where the discussions are quoted in their original form).Part. pass. מְשוּקָּע; f. מְשוּקַּעַת; pl. מְשוּקָּעִים, מְשוּקָּעִין; מְשוּקָּעוֹת. Koh. R. to I, 15 מקצתה מש׳ בארץ part of the boat rests on dry land. Y.B. Mets.II, beg.8b במש׳ בו when the objeot is found stuck in it, opp. בנתון בו when it is seen that it was put there. Gen. R. s. 33 שהיתה התיבה מש׳ במיםוכ׳ that the ark was eleven cubits in the water. Y.Yoma VII, beg.44a זראו של דוד מש׳ שם the seed of David is sunk there (in the family of the Resh Galutha). Y.Sabb.III, 6a top כסא שרגליו מש׳ בטיט a chair the feet of which stick in the mud. Y.ḤagI, 76d top; Y.Peah II, 17a כמה … וכולהן מש׳ במשנה many Hălakhoth have been communicated to Moses from Sinai, and they all are embodied in the Mishnah; a. e. Hif. הִשְׁקִיעַ to sink, let down. Gen. R. s. 68 ה׳הקב״ה גלגלוכ׳ the Lord caused the sun to set before its time. Ib. מה אתה בצאתך הִשְׁקַעְתִּי חמחוכ׳ as I caused the sun to set when thou didst go out Lev. R. s. 21; Pesik. Aḥăre, p. 176a>, לעולם יַשְׁקִיעַוכ׳ (Ar. s. v. רתק: יְשַׁקֵּעַ or יִשְׁקַע) man should at all times sink himself into the study of the Mishnah, for when he knocks, v. רָתַק. Koh. R. to I, 5 עד שלאה׳ שמשו … הזריחוכ׳ before God made the sun of Moses to set, he made the sun of Joshua to rise, v. שֶׁמֶש. Ib. 4 היוצר הזה מַשְׁקִיעַ כבשונו מה שמשקיעוכ׳ the potter fills his oven; what he sinks into it first, is the last to come out; a. fr. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּקֵּע, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּקֵּעַ 1) to be sunk, drowned; to be mixed tip beyond recognition. Midr. Till. to Ps. 22 המִשְׁתַּקְּעִים שוקעים את שוקעיהן those that were to he drowned, drowned those that wanted to drown them. Ruth R. to I, 17 נ׳ … בחליו was three days unconscious I on his sick-bed, opp. נתישבה דעתו he came to. Ex. R. s. 156> מִשְׁתַּקְּעִין בעונותוכ׳ are sunk in sins through the evil inclination. Ib.15> עד שנִשְׁתַּקְּעוּ תהומות until the depths were filled with water. Y.Shek.VIII, beg.51a והיו עולי רגלים משתקאיןוכ׳ the pilgrims sank in blood up to their knees; Men.103b שוקעין; Tosef.Eduy. III, 2 מפקיעין בדםוכ׳ ed. Zuck. (read: מְשוּקָּעִין; Var. מְשַׁקְּעִין את ארכובותיהן). Arakh.6b עד שלא נ׳ שםוכ׳ as long as the name of its owner (that donated it) is not merged (but is still traceable). Kidd.75a עד שיִשְׁתֵּקֵּעַ שםע״א ממנו until the name of idolatry has disappeared from him (until his idolatrous ancestry is no longer traceable). Y.Keth.I, 25d top משפחהשנ׳ בה פסולוכ׳ if a genealogical blemish is mixed up in a family, you must investigate it back to four mothers; Y.Kidd.IV, 65d bot. Ib. מה נאשה ונִשְׁתַּקְּעוּ בהנ גדולי הדור what can we do (with these families), since prominent men of the generation are mixed up with them? Ib. חמשת … וכולם נשתקעו בכהונהוכ׳ Pashhur ben Imer had five thousand slaves, and they are all mixed up with high priestly families; Y.Yeb.VIII, 9d top; (Kidd.70b נטמעו). Tanḥ. Noah 5 the Lord supported Noah שלא יִשְׁתַּקֵּעַ במעשה דור המבול lest he sink down in (the mud of) the deeds of the generation of the flood; a. fr. 2) to settle permanently, be naturalized. Sifré Deut. 301 (ref. to Deut. 26:5 ויגר) מלמד … להִשְׁתַּקֵּע אלא לגור שם this shows that he (Jacob) did not go down (to Egypt) to settle there as a citizen, but only to sojourn there. 3) to be lost in forests, fields Y.Ber.II, end, 5d ובשעה שהוא משתקעוכ׳ but when one is lost, he may even trespass on a field of crocus; (B. Kam.81a תועה). Y. Ber. l. c.; Y.B. Bath.V, 15a bot. וראו … משתקע ובא כנגדן they saw R. J. b. P. having lost his way and coming (through fields) towards them.

    Jewish literature > שקע

  • 9 שָׁקַע

    שָׁקַע(b. h.) 1) to be depressed, sink, go down. Y.Ab. Zar. III, 42c bot. אם היה חותמה שוֹקֵעַ if the seal on it was engraven, opp. בולט; Tosef. ib. V (VI), 2; Bab. ib. 43b. Gen. R. s. 19 (ref. to לרוח היום, Gen. 3:8) לרוח ששוֹקַעַת עם היום by the (western) wind that goes down with the day. Ib. כל שהיום שוקעוכ׳ the more the day goes down, the cooler it grows. Y.Sabb.I, 3d top אחד צף ואחד שוקעוכ׳ one kind of poison floats, another settles Mikv. X, 1 צלוחית שפיה שוקע a bottle the mouth of which is turned down. Men.103b, v. Hithpa.; a. fr. 2) to sink, let down. B. Mets.V, 7 מששְׁקָעוֹ בכבשן after he let the lime stones down into the kiln (Y. ed. משיִשְׁקַע כבשנו, or משיְשַׁקֵּעַ) when he has filled his kiln). Yalk. Koh. 966, v. שָׁלָה; a. e.Part. pass. שָׁקוּעַ; f. שְׁקוּעָה Bekh.43b, v. חָרַם. Ex. R. s. 1522> והארץ ש׳ במים the earth was submerged in water. Sifra Thazr., Par. 5, ch. XV (ref. to פחתת, Lev. 13:55) שיהיו כל מראיה שְׁקוּעִין Rabad (ed. שוֹקְעִין) that all its colors appear lower (v. שַׁקִּיעַ; cmp. עָמוֹק); Yalk. Lev. 553 שוֹקְעִין; a. e.Bekh.VII, 1 ראשו ש׳, v. שָׁקוּט. Pi. שִׁיקֵּעַ to sink, let down. Snh.VI, 4 מְשַׁקְּעִין את הקורהוכ׳ they insert the trunk (of the gallows) in the ground. Y.Shek.V, end, 49b כמה ממון שִׁיקְּעוּ אבותי כאן how much money have my ancestors sunk here (in building that synagogue)!; כמה נפשות שיקעווכ׳ how many souls did thy ancestors sink here! were there no people to study the Law (on whom that money might have been spent)?; Y.Peah VIII, end, 21b. B. Mets.V, 7 Y. ed., v. supra; a. e.Trnsf. to embody in a collection without regard to original wording, to edit, abridge. Y.Hor.III, 48c top; Y.Sabb.XVI, 15c הדא דאת אמר עד שלא ש׳ בו רבי רוב משניות אבל משש׳וכ׳ what you say (that the study of the Mishnah collection is preferable) refers to the time before Rabbi had embodied and abridged most of the Mishnayoth in his edition, but since then, run at all times after the Talmud (where the discussions are quoted in their original form).Part. pass. מְשוּקָּע; f. מְשוּקַּעַת; pl. מְשוּקָּעִים, מְשוּקָּעִין; מְשוּקָּעוֹת. Koh. R. to I, 15 מקצתה מש׳ בארץ part of the boat rests on dry land. Y.B. Mets.II, beg.8b במש׳ בו when the objeot is found stuck in it, opp. בנתון בו when it is seen that it was put there. Gen. R. s. 33 שהיתה התיבה מש׳ במיםוכ׳ that the ark was eleven cubits in the water. Y.Yoma VII, beg.44a זראו של דוד מש׳ שם the seed of David is sunk there (in the family of the Resh Galutha). Y.Sabb.III, 6a top כסא שרגליו מש׳ בטיט a chair the feet of which stick in the mud. Y.ḤagI, 76d top; Y.Peah II, 17a כמה … וכולהן מש׳ במשנה many Hălakhoth have been communicated to Moses from Sinai, and they all are embodied in the Mishnah; a. e. Hif. הִשְׁקִיעַ to sink, let down. Gen. R. s. 68 ה׳הקב״ה גלגלוכ׳ the Lord caused the sun to set before its time. Ib. מה אתה בצאתך הִשְׁקַעְתִּי חמחוכ׳ as I caused the sun to set when thou didst go out Lev. R. s. 21; Pesik. Aḥăre, p. 176a>, לעולם יַשְׁקִיעַוכ׳ (Ar. s. v. רתק: יְשַׁקֵּעַ or יִשְׁקַע) man should at all times sink himself into the study of the Mishnah, for when he knocks, v. רָתַק. Koh. R. to I, 5 עד שלאה׳ שמשו … הזריחוכ׳ before God made the sun of Moses to set, he made the sun of Joshua to rise, v. שֶׁמֶש. Ib. 4 היוצר הזה מַשְׁקִיעַ כבשונו מה שמשקיעוכ׳ the potter fills his oven; what he sinks into it first, is the last to come out; a. fr. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּקֵּע, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּקֵּעַ 1) to be sunk, drowned; to be mixed tip beyond recognition. Midr. Till. to Ps. 22 המִשְׁתַּקְּעִים שוקעים את שוקעיהן those that were to he drowned, drowned those that wanted to drown them. Ruth R. to I, 17 נ׳ … בחליו was three days unconscious I on his sick-bed, opp. נתישבה דעתו he came to. Ex. R. s. 156> מִשְׁתַּקְּעִין בעונותוכ׳ are sunk in sins through the evil inclination. Ib.15> עד שנִשְׁתַּקְּעוּ תהומות until the depths were filled with water. Y.Shek.VIII, beg.51a והיו עולי רגלים משתקאיןוכ׳ the pilgrims sank in blood up to their knees; Men.103b שוקעין; Tosef.Eduy. III, 2 מפקיעין בדםוכ׳ ed. Zuck. (read: מְשוּקָּעִין; Var. מְשַׁקְּעִין את ארכובותיהן). Arakh.6b עד שלא נ׳ שםוכ׳ as long as the name of its owner (that donated it) is not merged (but is still traceable). Kidd.75a עד שיִשְׁתֵּקֵּעַ שםע״א ממנו until the name of idolatry has disappeared from him (until his idolatrous ancestry is no longer traceable). Y.Keth.I, 25d top משפחהשנ׳ בה פסולוכ׳ if a genealogical blemish is mixed up in a family, you must investigate it back to four mothers; Y.Kidd.IV, 65d bot. Ib. מה נאשה ונִשְׁתַּקְּעוּ בהנ גדולי הדור what can we do (with these families), since prominent men of the generation are mixed up with them? Ib. חמשת … וכולם נשתקעו בכהונהוכ׳ Pashhur ben Imer had five thousand slaves, and they are all mixed up with high priestly families; Y.Yeb.VIII, 9d top; (Kidd.70b נטמעו). Tanḥ. Noah 5 the Lord supported Noah שלא יִשְׁתַּקֵּעַ במעשה דור המבול lest he sink down in (the mud of) the deeds of the generation of the flood; a. fr. 2) to settle permanently, be naturalized. Sifré Deut. 301 (ref. to Deut. 26:5 ויגר) מלמד … להִשְׁתַּקֵּע אלא לגור שם this shows that he (Jacob) did not go down (to Egypt) to settle there as a citizen, but only to sojourn there. 3) to be lost in forests, fields Y.Ber.II, end, 5d ובשעה שהוא משתקעוכ׳ but when one is lost, he may even trespass on a field of crocus; (B. Kam.81a תועה). Y. Ber. l. c.; Y.B. Bath.V, 15a bot. וראו … משתקע ובא כנגדן they saw R. J. b. P. having lost his way and coming (through fields) towards them.

    Jewish literature > שָׁקַע

  • 10 ÞYKKJA

    I)
    (þykki, þótta, þótt), v.
    1) to be thought to be, seem to be, be esteemed or reckoned as;
    hón þótti beztr kostr, she was thought the best match;
    2) with dat. it seems to one, one thinks (þykki mér ráð, at þú farir at finna Gizur hvíta);
    e-m þykkir at e-u, one feels hurt at, takes it to heart, is displeased with (þótti mönnum mikit at um víg Kjartans);
    mér þykkir fyrir (or fyr) e-u, I dislike, am unwilling to (mér þykkir meira fyrir en öðrum mönnum at vega menn);
    e-m þykkir mikit um e-t, one takes it much to heart (honum þótti svá mikit um fall Ólafs konungs, at);
    e-m þykkir mikit undir e-u, one thinks it of great importance (mikit þótti spökum mönnum undir því, at);
    impers., vilda ek, at þér þœtti eigi verr, I wish that thou wouuldst not take it amiss;
    þótti sinn veg hvárum, they disagreed;
    þykki mér sem undan sé gaflveggrinn, it seems to me as though the gable-wall were down;
    þótti mér þeir sœkja at (= sem þeir sœkti at), methought they pressed hard on me;
    3) refl., þykkjast, to seem to oneself, think oneself, think (en ek þykkjumst þó mjök neyddr til hafa verit);
    hann þykkist einn vita allt, he thinks he alone knows everything;
    þykkist hann mjök fyrir öðrum mönnum, he thinks himself far above other men;
    en Brynhildr þykkist brúðr var-gefin, but B. will think she is ill-matched.
    f.
    liking, sentiment, disposition;
    fóru þykkjur þeira saman, their sentiments went together;
    2) dislike, displeasure (leggja þykkju á e-n or e-t).
    * * *
    pres. þykkir, pret. þótti, subj. þætti (i. e. þœtti), part. þótt: a middle form þykkjumk and þóttumk: the form with kk is the true old one, and is always so written in rhymes by old poets (with fékk, hykk, þekkir, etc.): in mod. usage one k has been lost, þykja, þykir, and so often in Editions, but erroneously; the ancients often sounded this word with i, þikkja, þikkir, but y is the older and better form: with neg. suff. þykkir-a, þótti-t, þóttisk-a-þú, Ls. 60; þykkj-at, Hkv. 2. 22; þikkir-a, Fms. vi. 447 (in a verse): [þykkja þótti and þekkja þátti are correlative verbs, one neut. the other transit.; so also Goth. þagkjan þahta = λογίζεσθαι, and þugkjan þauhta = δοκειν; A. S. þencan þahte and þincan þuhte; Germ. denken dachte and dünken dünkte; a trace of the neut. sense remains in Engl. methinks, methought.]
    A. To be thought, seem:
    I. to be thought to be, seem to be, be esteemed, valued; ok hann mundi þá þykkja betr gengit hafa, en sitja við eldstó móður sinnar, Fs. 6; muntú þar göfugr þykkja á því landi ok verða kynsæll, Landn. 260; öngir þóttu ( were thought) löglegir dómar nema hann væri í, … hón þótti beztr kostr, Nj. 1; tíðindi þau er mörgum þótti mikil, 123; saka-staði þá er hann þótti á eiga, 166; þótti hvárum-tveggja þær ræður skemtiligar, Eg. 686; öllum þótti þeirra ferð in svívirðiligsta, Nj. 263; bætt vóru vígin sem vert þótti, 88; ek þótta ok þjóðans rekkum hverri hæri, I was thought by them to be, Gkv. 1. 19.
    II. with dat. it seems to one, one thinks, denoting thought, feeling, sentiment, also resentment, as may be seen from the references, (cp. Germ. mich dünkt; Engl. methinks); mikit þótti spökum mönnum undir því at menn ætti gott saman í útverjum, Ld. 38; Halli þótti Ingjaldr lítt vilja hefja sitt ráð til þroska, id.: vel þykki mér, hvergi þykki mér við hníta, Ísl. ii. 343; þér þótti eigi þess vert at við mik væri um talat, þykki mér þetta ráð eigi svá mikils-háttar, id.; vilda ek, at þér þætti eigi verr, that thou shouldest not think the worse, be displeased, Nj. 17; þótti sinn veg hvárum, they disagreed, Ld. 38; þeir ræddu at Guðrúnu þætti lítið dráp Bolla, they said that G. took little thought of Bolli’s death, 246; þótti okkr gott ( it seemed good to us) er þeim var ótti at ykkr, Nj. 252; allir menn mæltu at betra þætti hjá Skarphéðni dauðum en þeir ætluðu, 209; Finnr lét sér fjándskap í þykkja við konung, Fms. vi. 294; Gunnari þótti fýsilegt … þótti þeim sér nú mundu lítið fyrir, Nj. 113; mér þykkir sem málum várum sé komit í únýtt efni, ef …, 150; þan (tíðendi) megu mér mikil þykkja, ok eigi ólíklig, Fs. 9; vil ek sjá hverr slægr mér þykkir í þér vera, 11; mér þykkir þeir merkiligstir menn, 19; ekki þikki mér þetta sjór, Landn. 251; vel þykkir mér at þú farir brott, 260; eigi þikki mér sem vér munim í þessum dal búnað reisa, Fs. 25; þat þótti honum mest af bregða, 77; líkami Bergþóru þikki mér at líkendum ok þó vel, Nj. 208; nú þykkja þeim eigi tíðir í görandi, K. Þ. K. 154; nú þikkir presti eigi rétt at skírn farit, 14; þikki mér ráð, at þú farir at finna Gizur hvíta, Nj. 77; ek veit at þér þykkir mikit fyrir ferðum, id., Fms. i. 195; undr þótti mér, er bróðir þinn vildi eigt taka af þér þetta starf, Nj. 77; höfðu menn þat fyrir satt at þeim þætti mikit fyrir at skiljask, Ld. 190; hvárt þykkir þér undir því sem mest at vit sém sem vitrastir, Nj. 263; honum þykkir mikit undir at þeim færisk vel, Ísl. ii. 343; hann heilsar þeim … þat ætlum vér at þér þykki lítið undir um vára heilsan, … en þat vitum vér at oss þykkir eigi verr at þú værir eigi heil, Fbr. 62; hann segir sér mikit þykkja at láta eignir sínar, Eg. 539; þó þú látir þér einskis þ. vert um dráp Bárðar, 255; hann spurði hvat honum þótti, eða þykkir þér hér eigi gott, Nj. 126; hefir ek nökkut þat gört at þér þykki við mik at, Gísl. 16; allt þat er honum þykkir af við mik, Ó. H. 148; þótti honum mikit at um víg Kjartans, Ld. 226; sem mér þykkir meira fyrir en öðrum mönnum at vega menn, Nj. 85; ek hygg at honum muni nú minnst fyrir þ., Fms. xi. 113; er mér þykkir allítið fyrir at missa, … þótti þeim sem Egill mundi eigi aptr koma, Eg. 223; þótti honum sér úvænt til undan-kvámu, 406; þeir er höfðu sér traust at mæla sem þótti, to speak as they thought, Fms. i. 22; þat þótti Þorkatli mest af bregða er í vatni skyldi þvásk, Fs. 77: with the notion of vision, dreams, or the like, þótti mér þeir sækja at öllu-megin … en Hjört þótti mér þeir hafa undir, … eptir þat þótti mér stökkva vargarnir, Nj. 95; þeim þótti hann vera kátr ok kveða í hauginum, 118; ok þótti honum hann vekja sik, 121; þá þótti mér undarliga við bregða, mér þótti hann þá kalla …, 211; æpti hann svá mikit óp at mér þótti allt skjálfa í nándir, 212; hón þótti mér þat vel þekkjask, Ísl. ii. 194; ekki þótti henni blómit svá mikit á vera, 14; ok þótti mér ílla sæma … þótti mér sjá skaði miklu meiri, etc., Ld. 126. 128.
    B. Reflex.; the forms þykkjumk and þóttumk, also spelt with mz:
    I. subject and object being the same person, I myself, he himself, or the like; to seem to oneself, to think oneself, of oneself, with oneself, or the like; hversu mikinn styrk fólkit þykkisk af honum hafa, Edda (pref.) 148; ok þóttumk ek ekki þess verðr frá henni, því at ek þykkjumk þat hafa lýst nökkurum sinnum, at mér hefir ekki hennar úvirðing betri þótt en sjálfs míns, Gísl. 35; svá þykkjumzt ek jafnan gört hafa, Fms. vi. 101; en ek þykkjumk þó mjök neyddr til hafa verit, Nj. 88: to seem to oneself, ok þóttisk-a þú þá Þórr vera, thou didst not seem to thyself to be Thor, daredst not call thyself Thor, Ls. 60; hét Grímr ferðinni þá er hann þættisk búinn, Eg. 108; til hvers þykkjask þessir menn færir, Hrafn. 17: with the notion of presumption or pride, ok þykkisk hann mjök fyrir öðrum, he thinks himself much above others, Ld. 38; þó þykkisk ér þjóðkonungar, Skv. 3. 35; hann þykkisk einn vita allt, Nj. 32: with the notion of appearance, not reality, þá þóttisk hann rista henni manrúnar, he deluded himself. Eg. 587: with the notion of vision, to dream that, Njáll mælti, undarliga sýnisk mér nú, ek þykkjumk sjá um alla stofuna (ok þykki mér sem undan sé gaflveggrinn), Nj. 197; þat dreymdi mik at ek þóttumk ríða fram hjá Knafahólum, þar þóttisk ek sjá varga marga, … ok þóttumk ek þá eigi vita hvat mér hlífði … en ek þóttumk verða svá reiðr, at …, 95; hann þóttisk játa því, 121; ek þóttisk staddr at Lómagnúpi, Nj.; dreymt hefir mik í nótt … þar þóttumk ek vera staddr er eigi þótti öllum einnog, ok þóttumk ek hafa sverðit … en ek þóttumk kveða vísur tvær í svefninum, Ísl. ii. 352; þat dreymði mik at ek þóttisk heima vera at Borg, … álpt eina væna ok fagra ok þóttisk ek eiga, ok þótti mér allgóð …, 194; hón þóttisk sjá tré mikit í rekkju þeirra Grímkels, 14; úti þóttumk ek vera stödd við læk nokkurn, … ek þóttumk vera stödd hjá vatni einu … ok þóttumk ek eiga ok einkar vel sama, … ek þóttumk eiga gullhring, … er ek þóttumk þá bera hjá mér þann hug, … þá þótumk ek sjá fleiri brestina á … ek þóttumk hafa hjálm á höfði … ek þóttumk eiga þá görsemi, Ld. 126, 128; hvat er þat drauma? ek þóttumk fyr dag rísa, etc., Em. (begin.) In the first person the ancients use the form þóttumk þykkjumk much more frequently than þykkist þóttisk, which is the mod. form.
    II. the subject being different, he or it seemed to me, a middle form, this use is rare, and only occurs in poetry; gott þóttumk þat, er ek þögn of gat, it seemed good to me, I was glad that I got a bearing, Höfuðl. 19; úlfar þóttumk öllum betri, ef þeir léti mik lífi týna, the wolves seemed all the better friends if they would let me lose my life, Gh. 11.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > ÞYKKJA

  • 11 כחש

    כְּחַשch. same, to be lean, weak; v. כָּחִיש.Snh.95a כ׳ חיליה his strength failed him. B. Mets. 104b (prov.) תִּכְחוֹש ארעא ולא לִיכְּחוּש מרה Ms. M. (ed. כחשא) let the land deteriorate (exhausted by strong seeds) rather than that its owner become reduced (by reduced income); a. e. Af. אַכְחַש 1) to reduce, weaken, impair. Nidd.47b; Yeb.97a אַכְחֲשוּחזּ reduce him (by scanty food); B. Bath. 155b אכחשיה Ms. M. (corr. acc., ed. ליכחוש, v. infra). B. Kam.34a את מַכְחֲשָׁהּ ואנאוכ׳ thou didst ruin her (by neglect), and I should pay for it? 2) to contradict. Gen. R. s. 48, beg. אַכְחֲשָׁחּ קדמה he contradicted her (his wife) in her (the servants) presence. Ithpe. אִתְכְּחִיש, אִיכְּחוּש 1) to reduce ones self, to be reduced. B. Bath. l. c. לִיכְּחוּש let him reduce himself. B. Mets. l. c., v. supra. 2) to be contradicted, rebutted. B. Kam.74a מִתְכַּחֲשֵׁי are contradicted, contrad to מיתומי, v. זְמַם I.Snh.81b אִתְכְּחוּש בבדיקות they contradicted each other in cross-examinations, v. בְּדִיקָה.

    Jewish literature > כחש

  • 12 כְּחַש

    כְּחַשch. same, to be lean, weak; v. כָּחִיש.Snh.95a כ׳ חיליה his strength failed him. B. Mets. 104b (prov.) תִּכְחוֹש ארעא ולא לִיכְּחוּש מרה Ms. M. (ed. כחשא) let the land deteriorate (exhausted by strong seeds) rather than that its owner become reduced (by reduced income); a. e. Af. אַכְחַש 1) to reduce, weaken, impair. Nidd.47b; Yeb.97a אַכְחֲשוּחזּ reduce him (by scanty food); B. Bath. 155b אכחשיה Ms. M. (corr. acc., ed. ליכחוש, v. infra). B. Kam.34a את מַכְחֲשָׁהּ ואנאוכ׳ thou didst ruin her (by neglect), and I should pay for it? 2) to contradict. Gen. R. s. 48, beg. אַכְחֲשָׁחּ קדמה he contradicted her (his wife) in her (the servants) presence. Ithpe. אִתְכְּחִיש, אִיכְּחוּש 1) to reduce ones self, to be reduced. B. Bath. l. c. לִיכְּחוּש let him reduce himself. B. Mets. l. c., v. supra. 2) to be contradicted, rebutted. B. Kam.74a מִתְכַּחֲשֵׁי are contradicted, contrad to מיתומי, v. זְמַם I.Snh.81b אִתְכְּחוּש בבדיקות they contradicted each other in cross-examinations, v. בְּדִיקָה.

    Jewish literature > כְּחַש

  • 13 שפל I

    שָׁפֵלI (b. h.; Shaf. of נ־פל) to be low. Hif. הִשְׁפִּיל to lower, humble. Erub.13b המַשְׁפִּיל עצמו; הקב״ה מַשְׁפִּילו, v. גָּבַהּ; Ned.55a. Pesik. R. s. 10 (ref. to Is. 2:9) אימתי שחו ונִשְׁפָּלוּ … הִשְׁפִּילָםהקב״ה when did they sink and were lowered? When they committed that deed (worshipped the golden calf), the Lord lowered them. Arakh.15b יַשְׁפִּיל דעתו let him humble his mind (think of his shortcomings). M. Kat. 16b (play on ת̇חכ̇מ̇נ̇י̇, 2 Sam. 23:8) הואיל והִשְׁפַּלְתָּ עצמך ת̇ה̇א כ̇מ̇י̇נ̇י̇ because thou didst lower thyself, thou shalt be like myself; a. fr. Nif. נִשְׁפַּל to be lowered. Pesik. R. l. c., v. supra. Hof. הוּשְׁפַּל, הָשְׁפַּל same. Pesik. Ki Thissa, p. 11b> (ref. to Is. 2:9) יודע … והָשְׁפַּלְתִּי אני והםוכ׳ I know that Israel bowed to the golden calf, and I and they have been lowered, but wilt thou not raise (forgive) them?; Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 4 והשפלתי אותי and I myself have been lowered; Yalk. Is. 260 והוּשְׁפַּלְתִּי. Tanḥ. l. c. 5 (ref. to Ps. 75:8) בלשון זה הו׳וכ׳ for the word zeh (Ex. 32:24) was he (Aaron) lowered, v. גָּבַהּ; בלשון זה הוּשְׁפָּלוּוכ׳ through zeh (ib. 23) were they lowered, and with zeh (ib. 30:13) have they been raised; Lev. R. s. 8; a. fr. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּפֵּל, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּפֵּל ( to let ones self drop, 1) to be humble, gentle. Ib. s. 19 (ref. to שפלות ידים, Koh. 10:18) ע״י שנִשְׁתַּפְּלוּ ישראל מלחנותוכ׳ because the Israelites were too gentle to encamp (before Sinai) in discord 2) to be lazy, indolent. Ib. ע״י … מִשְׁתַּפֵּל מלקנחוכ׳ (not לקנח) because that man is too careless to wipe his body properly, he gets scabs. Ib. ע״י … מִשְׁתַּפֶּלֶתוכ׳ because that woman is too indolent to examine her body properly ; a. e.

    Jewish literature > שפל I

  • 14 שָׁפֵל

    שָׁפֵלI (b. h.; Shaf. of נ־פל) to be low. Hif. הִשְׁפִּיל to lower, humble. Erub.13b המַשְׁפִּיל עצמו; הקב״ה מַשְׁפִּילו, v. גָּבַהּ; Ned.55a. Pesik. R. s. 10 (ref. to Is. 2:9) אימתי שחו ונִשְׁפָּלוּ … הִשְׁפִּילָםהקב״ה when did they sink and were lowered? When they committed that deed (worshipped the golden calf), the Lord lowered them. Arakh.15b יַשְׁפִּיל דעתו let him humble his mind (think of his shortcomings). M. Kat. 16b (play on ת̇חכ̇מ̇נ̇י̇, 2 Sam. 23:8) הואיל והִשְׁפַּלְתָּ עצמך ת̇ה̇א כ̇מ̇י̇נ̇י̇ because thou didst lower thyself, thou shalt be like myself; a. fr. Nif. נִשְׁפַּל to be lowered. Pesik. R. l. c., v. supra. Hof. הוּשְׁפַּל, הָשְׁפַּל same. Pesik. Ki Thissa, p. 11b> (ref. to Is. 2:9) יודע … והָשְׁפַּלְתִּי אני והםוכ׳ I know that Israel bowed to the golden calf, and I and they have been lowered, but wilt thou not raise (forgive) them?; Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 4 והשפלתי אותי and I myself have been lowered; Yalk. Is. 260 והוּשְׁפַּלְתִּי. Tanḥ. l. c. 5 (ref. to Ps. 75:8) בלשון זה הו׳וכ׳ for the word zeh (Ex. 32:24) was he (Aaron) lowered, v. גָּבַהּ; בלשון זה הוּשְׁפָּלוּוכ׳ through zeh (ib. 23) were they lowered, and with zeh (ib. 30:13) have they been raised; Lev. R. s. 8; a. fr. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּפֵּל, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּפֵּל ( to let ones self drop, 1) to be humble, gentle. Ib. s. 19 (ref. to שפלות ידים, Koh. 10:18) ע״י שנִשְׁתַּפְּלוּ ישראל מלחנותוכ׳ because the Israelites were too gentle to encamp (before Sinai) in discord 2) to be lazy, indolent. Ib. ע״י … מִשְׁתַּפֵּל מלקנחוכ׳ (not לקנח) because that man is too careless to wipe his body properly, he gets scabs. Ib. ע״י … מִשְׁתַּפֶּלֶתוכ׳ because that woman is too indolent to examine her body properly ; a. e.

    Jewish literature > שָׁפֵל

  • 15 καταξιόω

    A deem worthy, c. acc. et inf., D.59.111; hold in honour, Plb.4.86.8: c. gen. rei, deem worthy of a thing,

    τάξεως τὸν κίνδυνον Id.1.23.3

    ;

    τινὰ μεγάλης ἀποδοχῆς D.S.2.60

    :—[voice] Med., οὔτε νιν.. Δίκη προσεῖδε καὶ κατηξιώσατο did not regard and hold in high esteem, A.Th. 667:—[voice] Pass., to be held worthy,

    πρεσβείας Plb.12.10.8

    , cf. Iamb.VP36.265;

    ἔργον ἐπιφανὲς καὶ κατηξιωμένον Plb.5.83.4

    .
    III deign, vouchsafe, c. inf., Luc. Ind.3, Jul.Ep. 204, PLond.2.232.14 (iv A.D.), POxy. 1214 (v A.D.), etc.
    V in argument, claim, maintain, Phld.Sign.30, al.:—[voice] Med., c. inf., Id.Rh.1.32S.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > καταξιόω

  • 16 τέλος

    τέλος, εος, τό, ([etym.] τέλλομαι, τέλλω)
    A coming to pass, performance, consummation,

    εἰ γὰρ ἐπ' ἀρῇσιν τ. ἡμετέρῃσι γένοιτο Od.17.496

    ;

    ἐν [θεοῖς] τ. ἐστὶν ὁμῶς ἀγαθῶν τε κακῶν τε Hes.Op. 669

    ; δίκη δ' ὑπὲρ ὕβριος ἴσχει ἐς τ. ἐξελθοῦσα issuing in fulfilment, execution, ib. 218;

    καθάπερ ἐκ δίκης κατὰ νόμον τ. ἐχούσης PEleph.1.12

     (iv B.C.), cf. IG12(7).67.48 (Arcesine, iv/iii B.C.);

    καθήκει νῦν [τὰν γνώμαν] ἐπὶ τέλος ἀχθῆμεν SIG793.7

     (Halasarna, i A.D.); ἔλπομαι μέν, ἐν θεῷ γε μὰν τ. Pi.O.13.105, cf. N.8.45, 10.29, D.18.193;

    ἢν θεὸς ἀγαθὸν τ. διδῷ αὐτῷ X.Cyr.3.2.29

    ;

    ἐν πείρᾳ τ. διαφαίνεται Pi.N.3.70

    ;

    ψευστήσεις, οὐδ' αὖτε τ. μύθῳ ἐπιθήσεις Il.19.107

    , cf. Isoc.5.71, 6.77; result,

    τ. δ' οὔ πώ τι πέφανται Il.2.122

    ;

    εἵως κε τ. πολέμοιο κιχείω 3.291

    ;

    ἐν γὰρ χερσὶ τ. πολέμου 16.630

    ; ἶσον τείνειεν πολέμου τ. 20. 101, cf. Hes.Th. 638 (but ἢ πολέμοιο ἢ λοιμοῖο τ. ποτιδέγμενοι the coming to pass (outbreak) of.., A.R.4.1282); τί μὰν ἀφήσει τ.; S. OC 1468 (lyr.); τί ἔσται τὸ τ. τῶν γιγνομένων τούτων ἐμοί; Hdt.1.155, cf. Isoc.6.50; ἀποίητον.. θέμεν ἔργων τ. undo things done, Pi.O.2.17; ὁδοῦ τ. S.OC 1400; φόνου τ. A.R.1.834;

    τοῦ δ' ὔμμι τέλος κρηῆναι ἔοικεν Id.3.172

    ; τῷ τ. πίστιν φέρων the outcome, S.El. 735; Ζεὺς πάντων ἐφορᾷ τ. Sol.13.17;

    ἀκόλουθον τὸ τ. ἐξέβη τοῦ κινδύνου ταῖς ἐπιβολαῖς Plb.4.11.9

    ;

    ἀμφίδοξα τὰ τ. τῶν κινδύνων αὐτοῖς ἀπέβαινε Id.18.28.11

    , cf. 18.32.12, 3.5.7;

    τ. τοιόνδε ἐγένετο τῆς μάχης Hdt. 9.22

    , cf. Plb.1.61.2; μάχης.. κεκύρωται τ. A.Ch. 874; διὰ μάχης ἥξω τέλους, = διὰ μάχης ἥξω, Id.Supp. 475; ἐπ' ἀμφότερα μαχᾶν τάμνειν τ. to seek to determine the issue of the battles in both directions, Pi.O.13.57; more generally, event,

    οὐ γὰρ ἔγωγέ τί φημι τ. χαριέστερον εἶναι ἢ ὅτε.. Od.9.5

    : in concrete sense, result, product,

    τ. εὐπεψίας αἱματικῆς πιμελὴ καὶ στέαρ Arist.PA 672a4

    , cf. GA 725b8.
    2 in contexts like Hes.Op. 669, Il.16.630 (v. supr.), τ. can be understood as power of deciding, supreme power, and so we have

    τ. μὲν Ζεὺς ἔχει.. πάντων ὅσ' ἐστί Semon.1.1

    ;

    ἐν δ' ἐμοὶ τ. αὐτοῖν γένοιτο τῆσδε τῆς μάχης πέρι S.OC 423

    ; [

    Ἄπολλον].. ὅθεν πολεμόκραντον ἁγνὸν, τ. ἐν μάχᾳ A.Th. 162

     (lyr.);

    τελέων τελειότατον κράτος, ὄλβιε Ζεῦ Id.Supp. 525

     (lyr.);

    τ. ἔχει δαίμων βροτοῖς, τ. ὅπᾳ θέλει E.Or. 1545

     (lyr.);

    τ. δ' ἐφ' ἡμῖν, εἴτε.. εἴτε.. Id.Hel. 887

    ; καὶ τοῖσ' (sc. ἰητροῖς) οὐδὲν ἔπεστι τ. they have no power or efficacy, Sol.13.58: and in the civil sphere, τ. ἔχειν, of persons, to have the power to ratify, IG12.57.25, Foed. ap. Th.4.118, Arist.Pol. 1322b13; ὅ τι ἂν δόξῃ τοῖς πλείοσι τοῦτ' εἶναι τ. the decision of the majority must be final, ib. 1317b6; κύριος ἔστω ἐπιβάλλειν κατὰ τὸ τ. shall have authority to inflict a fine up to the limit of his powers, Lexap.D.43.75;

    κατὰ τὸ τ. ζημιοῦσθαι Is.4.11

    ; τοῖς κατ' ἐμπορίαν παραγιγνομένοις μηδὲν ἔστω τ. πλὴν ἐπὶ κήρυκι ἢ γραμματεῖ Foed. ap. Plb.3.22.8; τ. ἔχειν, of things, to have decisive or final authority,

    σφῷν μὲν ἐντολὴ Διὸς ἔχει τ. δή A.Pr. 13

    ; ἡ.. τούτου αἰτίασις οὐκ ἔχει τ. has no validity, Antipho 5.89; πρὶν τ. τι αὐτῶν ἔχειν before any of the terms had validity, i.e. had been ratified, Th.5.41, cf. D.35.27; τοῦ ζῆν καὶ μὴ ζῆν τὸ τ. ἐστὶν ἐν τῷ ἀναπνεῖν the decisive difference between.., Arist.Resp. 480b19.
    3 magistracy, office,

    τ. δωδεκάμηνον Pi.N.11.9

     ( δυω- codd.); οἱ ἐν τ. men in office, magistrates, S.Aj. 1352, Ph. 385, Th.3.36; ἔξω τῶν βασιλέων καὶ τῶν μάλιστα ἐν τ. Id.1.10, cf. 6.88;

    οἱ ἐν τέλεϊ ἐόντες Hdt.3.18

    , 9.106; poet.,

    οἱ ἐν τέλει βεβῶτες S.Ant.67

    ; οἱ τὰ τ. ἔχοντες Foed. ap. Th.5.47;

    ὂρ μέγιστον τ. ἔχοι Schwyzer409.3

     (Elis, V B.C.);

    τοὺς.. τὸ ὁροφυλακικὸν τ. ἔχοντας SIG633.94

     (Milet., ii B.C.); τὸ τ. the government,

    τοιαῦτ' ἔδοξε τῷδε Καδμείων τέλει A.Th. 1030

    ; τὰ τ. the magistrates, Th. (with a masc. part. and pl. (v.l.) verb) 1.58, 4.15, X.An.2.6.4.
    4 decision, doom,

    Ζεὺς.. οἶδε, ὁπποτέρῳ θανάτοιο τ. πεπρωμένον ἐστί Il.3.309

    ;

    Κῆρες δὲ παρεστήκασι.., ἡ μὲν ἔχουσα τ. γήραος ἀργαλέου, ἡ δ' ἑτέρη θανάτοιο Mimn.2.6

    ; μήτηρ.. μέ φησι διχθαδίας Κῆρας φερέμεν θανάτοιο τέλος δέ (or τέλοσδε) Il.9.411, cf. 13.602; ἐξέφυγον θανάτου τ. Archil.6.3;

    τ. θανάτου ἀλεείνων Od.5.326

    ;

    τ. θανάτοιο κάλυψεν Il.5.553

    ;

    οὐδέ κέ μ' ὦκα τ. θανάτοιο κιχείη 9.416

    , cf. 11.451;

    ἡμετέρου θανάτοιο κακὸν τ., οἷον ἐτύχθη Od.24.124

    , cf. A.Th. 906 (lyr.):—judicial decision,

    ἀμμενῶ τ. δίκης Id.Eu. 243

    ; κύριον μένει τ. ib. 544 (lyr.); οὐκ ἔχουσα τῆς δίκης τ. not having authority to decide the case, ib. 729; ἦ κἀπ' ἐμοὶ τρέποιτ' ἂν αἰτίας τ.; will you submit the decision of this case to me? ib. 434;

    τὸ τ. κρίνειν Pl.Lg. 768b

    ; τ. ἐπιθέτω τῇ δίκῃ ib. 767a, cf. 761e, 957b; decision of an assembly, A. Supp. 603, 624; of a king, Id.Ag. 934; ἐξαιτράπης ἐὼν Ἰωνίης, τ. ἐποίησε τὴν γῆν εἶναι Μιλησίων prob. in SIG134b30 (Milet., iv B.C.); ὥς τοι ἐγὼ μύθου τ. ἐν φρεσὶ θείω the summing up or crux of the matter, Il.16.83.
    5 something done or ordered to be done, task, service, duty, γνῶ.. ὅ οἱ οὔ τι τ. κατὰ καίριον ἦλθεν on no fatal errand, Il.11.439 (nisi leg. κατακαίριον)

    ; οὐδὲ μακύνων τ. οὐδέν Pi.P.4.286

    ; ὅσοις τοῦτ' ἐπέσταλται τ. A.Eu. 743, cf. Ag. 908; μ' Ἀπόλλων τῷδ' ἐπέστησεν τέλει ib. 1202, cf. Ch. 760; ἄυπνα ὀμμάτων τέλη the wakeful duties (or services) of the eyes, E.Supp. 1137 (lyr.); ἀμφοτερᾶν τοι χαρίτων.. ζεύξω τ. the rendering of both services, Pi.I.1.6; αἰτουμένῳ μοι κοῦφον εἰ δοίης τ. a small service or favour, A.Th. 260;

    ἡξῶ ναὶ τὸν Πᾶνα κακὸν τ. αὐτίκα δωσῶν Theoc.4.47

    ; obligation to render a service or payment, ὅτε δὴ μισθοῖο τ. πολυγηθέες ὧραι ἐξέφερον the Payment(-day) of the wage, Il.21.450;

    οἱ δ' ἐλάττω τῶν ἱκανῶν κεκτημένοι, τὴν ἀναγκαίαν ἀτέλειαν ἔχοντες, ἔξω τοῦ τ. εἰσὶ τούτου D.20.19

    , cf. Poll.8.156; ἐν τέλει μαθεῖν to be taught for a fee, Id.4.46.
    6 pl., services or offerings due to the gods,

    δαίμοσιν θῦσαι θέλουσα πελανόν, ὧν τέλη τάδε A.Pers. 204

    ;

    ἔνθ' ὁρίζεται βωμοὺς τ. τ' ἔγκαρπα Κηναίῳ Διί S.Tr. 238

    ; ἔλιπον Ζηνὶ τροπαίῳ πάγχαλκα τ. Id.Ant. 143 (anap.);

    γῇ δὲ τῇδε Σισύφου σεμνὴν ἑορτὴν καὶ τέλη προσάψομεν E.Med. 1382

    ;

    θεοῖσι μικρὰ θύοντες τέλη Id.Fr.327.6

    ; of the Eleusinian mysteries, οὗ πότνιαι σεμνὰ τιθηνοῦνται τ. S.OC 1050 (lyr.), cf. Fr. 837;

    σεμνῶν ἐς ὄψιν καὶ τ. μυστηρίων E.Hipp.25

    ; called μεγάλα τ., Pl.R. 560e; rarely in sg., τοῦδε μυστικοῦ τέλους this mystic rite, A.Fr. 387; of the marriage rite,

    τ. γάμοιο Od.20.74

    , cf.A.R.4.1202, AP6.276 (Antip.); γαμήλιον τ. A.Eu. 835; τὰ νυμφικὰ τ. S.Ant. 1241;

    τ. ὁ γάμος ἐκαλεῖτο Poll.3.38

    , cf. Paus.Gr.Fr.306, Sch.Ar.Th. 982, Stob.2.7.3a.
    7 service rendered by a citizen in the Solonian constitution to the state, also his rating according to this service, θητικοῦ ἀντὶ τέλους ἱππάδ' ἀμειψάμενος Epigr. ap. Arist.Ath.7.4; τιμήματι διεῖλεν εἰς τέτταρα τ. four ratings or classes, ib.7.3; later, τὸ τῶν ἱππέων τ., Lat. ordo equester, D.C.48.45, al.
    8 dues exacted by the state, Ar.V. 658 (pl.), Pl.R. 425d (pl.); ἀγορᾶς τ. a market- toll, Ar.Ach. 896; πορνικὸν τ. Aeschin.1.119; τ. πρίασθαι, πωλεῖν, farm a tax or let it, D.24.144, Aeschin. l.c.; ἐκλέγειν. πράττειν, levy it, D.l.c., Alex.263.3, Aeschin.3.113; τελεῖν pay a tax or duty, Pl.Lg. 847b; εἰ τὰ τ. τελεῖ, ποῖον τ. τελεῖ, questions put to candidates at Athens, Din.2.17, Arist.Ath.7.4;

    τέλη κατατίθησιν Antipho 5.77

    ;

    καταβαλεῖν And.1.93

    ; freq. in Inscrr., IG12.46.12, al., SIG135.14 (Olynthus, iv B.C.), al., and Papyri, τὸ ὡρισμένον τῆς αἰτήσεως τ., etc., POxy.1473.30 (iii A.D.), cf. PCair.Zen.240.7 (iii B.C.), etc.: metaph., τέλη λύειν, v. λύω v. 2.
    9 financial means, expenditure, usu. in dat. pl., ὃς ἂν τοῖς ἰδίοις τ. μὴ ἑαυτὸν μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν πόλιν ὠφελῇ by the use of his own means, Th.6.16; κακῶς ἡμᾶς αὐτοὺς ποιούντων τέλεσι τοῖς οἰκείοις if we harm ourselves at our own expense, Id.4.60;

    ἀναγραψάτω.. τέλεσι τοῖς Λεωνίδου IG 12.56.22

    , cf. 94.14, al.;

    Χερρόνησον τοῖς αὑτοῦ τ. διορύξει D.6.30

    ;

    δημοσίοις τέλεσι Plu.Phoc.38

    : in nom. sg., μάτην γὰρ οἴκῳ σὸν τόδ' ἐκβαίη τ. E.Fr. 639.
    10 a military station or post with defined duties (cf. signf. 5), ἐλθεῖν εἰς φυλάκων ἱερὸν τ. Il.10.56; αἶψα δ' ἐπὶ Θρῃκῶν ἀνδρῶν τ. ἷξον ἰόντες ib. 470; δόρπον ἔπειθ' ἑλόμεσθα κατὰ στρατὸν ἐν τελέεσσιν at our posts, in the ranks, 11.730, cf. 18.298; later, military unit, division, squadron,

    τέλει ἑνὶ τῶν ἱππέων Th.2.22

    , cf. 4.96;

    πελταστῶν τέλη E.Rh. 311

    ;

    κατὰ τέλεα Hdt.1.103

    , 7.87, al.;

    κατὰ τέλη Th.6.42

    , Plb.11.11.6, cf. 11.15.2, Polyaen.2.1.17; in the Roman army, legion, J.AJ14.16.2, BJ1.17.9, Plu.Ant.18.56, App.BC5.87, al.
    b a force of 2048 infantry, = μεραρχία, Ascl. Tact.2.10, Arr.Tact.10.5, Ael.Tact.9.7.
    c a force of 2048 cavalry, Ascl.Tact.7.11, Arr.Tact.18.4, Ael.Tact.20.2.
    II δίρρυμά τε καὶ τρίρρυμα τέλη troops or columns of.. chariots, A.Pers.47 (anap.); of ships,

    τρία τ. ποιήσαντες τῶν νεῶν Th.1.48

    : also ὀρνίθων τέλεα flocks of birds, v.l. for γένεα, Hdt.2.64;

    τ. ἀθανάτων A.Fr. 151

     (anap.).
    12 a territorial division, Στρατικὸν τ. SIG421.44 (Acarnania, iii B.C.); Κορωνείων τὸ τ. Supp.Epigr.3.354 (Thebes, iii B.C.); τὸ Λοκρικὸν τ. GDI2070 (Delph., ii B.C.).
    II degree of completion or attainment,

    τόσσον μὲν ἔχον τ., οὔατα δ' οὔ πω.. προσέκειτο Il.18.378

    ; degree of maturity, age,

    ἐπὴν δὴ τοῦτο τ. παραμείψεται ὥρης Mimn.2.9

    ;

    ἥβης πρὶν τ. ἄκρον ἰδεῖν Simon.123

    ;

    ἥβης τ. μολόντας E.Med. 920

    ; εἰς ἀνδρὸς τ. ἰέναι man's estate, Pl.Mx. 249a;

    εἰς πρεσβύτου τ. ἀφικομένοις Id.Epin. 992d

    ;

    τὸ τῶν παίδων τ. ἄδηλον οἷ τελευτᾷ κακίας καὶ ἀρετῆς ψυχῆς τε πέρι καὶ σώματος Id.Smp. 181e

    ;

    οὐδὲ γήρως ἔβας τ. σὺν τᾷδε E.Alc. 413

     (lyr.).
    b a length of time (or space), term, course, ἀρετάς, αἷσι Κλεωνυμίδαι θάλλοντες αἰεὶ σὺν θεῷ θνατὸν διέρχονται βιότου τ. Pi.I.4(3).5(23); so perh. in E.Hipp.87 (v. infr. 3), and in διὰ τέλους (v. infr. 2 c).
    2 state of completion or maturity, τ. λαβεῖν, ἔχειν, of plants or animals, to attain maturity, Pl.Phdr. 276b, Lg. 834c, cf. 899e: hence, completion, end, finish, τ. ἐπιθεῖναι τῷ λόγῳ complete it, Id.Smp. 186a, cf. Prt. 348a; ὃ πᾶσι τοῖς προτέροις ἐπ έθηκε τ. as a finish to all his former acts, D.18.140;

    τὸ τ. τῆς σκηνῆς ἐποιήσαντο X.Cyr.2.3.24

    ;

    ταύτης.. τῆς ἡμέρας τοῦτο τὸ τ. ἐγένετο Id.An.1.10.18

    ; τ. λαβεῖν to be completed, Pl.R. 501e, Isoc.4.5;

    τ. ἔχειν Pl.Lg. 772c

    ; οὐ τ. ἵκεο μύθων didst not reach the end of thy speech, Il.9.56;

    ἐπὶ τέλους τοῦ δρόμου Pl.R. 613d

    ;

    μέχρι τοῦ τὸ προκείμενον ἐπὶ τέλος ἀχθῆναι PTeb.14.8

     (ii B.C.);

    ἑκάστων πρὸς τέλος ἀχθέντων UPZ108.29

     (ii B.C.), cf. BGU1816.11 (i B.C.);

    ἡ εἰκοστὴ τοῦ νοσήματος ἡμέρα τ. μὲν τριῶν ἑβδομάδων, ἓξ δὲ τετράδων Gal.18(2).234

    :—freq. in Adverbial phrases:
    a τέλος at last,

    ὥστε τ. ἡσυχίαν ἦγον Th.2.100

    , cf. 5.46; but most freq. at the beginning of the clause,

    μάχης δὲ καρτερῆς γενομένης, τέλος οὐδέτεροι νικήσαντες διέστησαν Hdt.1.76

    , cf.4.131, al.;

    τέλος δέ Id.1.36

    , Thgn. 1294, etc.; ἀλλὰ τ. Hdt.6.137;

    τ. μέντοι Id.5.89

    , X.HG5.4.30;

    τ. γε μέντοι S.Ant. 233

    ; καὶ τ. Hdt.4.154, Th.1.109; τό γε τ. Pl.Lg. 740e.
    b < ἐς τ. in the end, in the long run,

    πάντως ἐς τ. ἐξεφάνη Sol.13.28

    , cf. Hdt.9.37; εἰς τ. S.Ph. 409;

    θνητῶν δ' εἰς τ. ὄλβιος οὐδείς E.IA 161

     (anap.), cf. Hdt.3.40; ὁρῶντες τὴν Λιβύην εἰς τ. ἀβλαβῆ διαμένουσαν altogether, completely, Plb.1.20.7, cf. PTeb.38.11 (ii B.C.), OGI90.12 (Rosetta, ii B.C.), PSI10.1120.5 (i B.C./i A.D.); ἐς τ. ἄνυε μοίρας dub. l. in Theoc.1.93.
    c διὰ τέλους (orig. perh. from signf. 1.1 or 5, or 11.1b, through the (whole) performance or time), through to the end, completely, A.Pr. 275, S.Aj. 685, E.Supp. 270, Isoc.5.24, 8.17, 19.4; throughout, all the time, always, Antipho 5.42, Timocl.8.5, Hegesipp.Com.2.3; so

    διὰ τέλεος Hp.Acut.46

     (= διὰ παντὸς καὶ ἀεί acc. to Gal.15.618);

    διὰ τέλους ἀεί Pl.Phlb. 36e

    ; permanently, for good, τοῦ ἀφεθῆναί σε διὰ τ. PPetr.2p.45 (iii B.C.).
    e τέλει perh. in the end, S.OT 198 (lyr.).
    3 esp. τ. ἔχειν βίου to have reached the end of life, to be dead, Pl.Lg. 801e;

    ἐμοὶ μὲν τοῦ βίου τὸ τ. ἤδη πάρεστιν X.Cyr.8.7.6

    ;

    πᾶσίν ἐστιν ἀνθρώποις τ. τοῦ βίου θάνατος D.57.27

    ;

    εἰς τ. τοῦ ζῆν ἀφικνεῖσθαι S.OC 1530

    : less freq. abs., death,

    ἐλπίς ἐστι νύκτερον τ. μολεῖν A.Th. 367

     (lyr.);

    οἱ νεηνίαι οὐκέτι ἀνέστησαν ἀλλ' ἐν τέλεϊ τούτῳ ἔσχοντο Hdt.1.31

    ; ἔχει τὸ κάλλιστον τ. X.Cyr.7.3.11; ἔχει τ., = τετελεύτηκε, Laconian phrase acc. to Hsch.;

    τῶν ἤδη τ. ἐχόντων Pl.Lg. 717e

    , cf. 772c, BGU1857.7 (i B.C.); reversely,

    τ. ἔχει τινά Pl.Lg. 740c

    ;

    οἷόν σε βίου τ. εἷλε E.Rh. 735

     (anap.):—but ὀλβίως ἔλυσεν τὸ τ. βίου has paid life's toll (cf. supr.1.8), S.OC 1720 (lyr.); τὸ τ. ὁ χρόνος ἀπαιτεῖ Poet. in Mus.Script.p.452 von Jan; also

    τ. δὲ κάμψαιμ' ὥσπερ ἠρξάμην βίου E.Hipp.87

     (cf. supr. 11.1b); πρὶν ἂν πέλας (v.l. τέλος)

    γραμμῆς ἵκηται καὶ τ. κάμψῃ βίου Id.El. 955

    -6.
    4 end, cessation, ὡς δὲ πρὸς τ. γόων ἀφίκοντ' S.OC 1621; πῶς τροχηλάτου μανίας ἂν ἔλθοιμ' ἐς τ. πόνων τ' ἐμῶν; E.IT83; ὅταν δὴ πημάτων λάβῃ τ. Id.Hel. 534;

    τ. δέχει δὴ τῶν ἐμῶν προσφθεγμά των Id.Hec. 413

    ;

    ἡ μὲν οὖν ἐπανάστασις.. τοῦτο τὸ τ. ἔσχεν Hell.Oxy.10.3

    ;

    ἐπειδὴ οὐχ οἷόν τε εἰς ἄπειρον, τ. ἔσται πάσης φορᾶς Arist.Metaph.

     1074a30.
    5 end of a word, A.D.Pron.12.25, al.; of a sentence,

    ἐπὶ τέλει πρόσκειται Sor.1.43

    , cf. Gal.15.20; of a chapter or book,

    ἐπὶ τέλει ἀναλυθήσεται Archim.Sph.Cyl.2.4

    , cf. Gal.15.10;

    πρὸς τῷ τ. ῥηθήσεται Pl.Lg. 957b

    ;

    πρὸς τῷ τ. τοῦ ἐντέρου Arist.PA 675a16

    ; ἀπὸ τέλους τοῦ σταδίου, opp. ἀπὸ μέσου, Id.Ph. 239b34 (cf. infr. 111.2).
    III achievement, attainment,

    τηλοῦ ἐμοὶ νόστοιο τ. γλυκεροῖο γενέσθαι Od.22.323

    , cf. Pi.N.3.25;

    τ. δὲ τῆς ἀπαλλαγῆς τοῦ Αἰθίοπος ὧδε ἔλεγον γενέσθαι Hdt.2.139

    ; πῶς ἂν καὶ τοῦτο τοῦ τ. τυγχάνοι, i.e. might be achieved, Gem.8.36.
    2 winning-post, goal in a race,

    πρὸς τ. ὀρνύμενον B.5.45

    ; in a contest,

    ἔστιν δ' ἀφάνεια τύχας καὶ μαρναμένων, πρὶν τ. ἄκρον ἱκέσθαι Pi.I.4(3).32(50)

    ; εἰς τ. ἐλθεῖν, of runners in a race, Pl.R. 613c.
    b prize, ἔφερε πυγμᾶς τ. Pi.O.10(11).67; οὐ γὰρ ἦν πενταέθλιον ἀλλ' ἐφ' ἑκάστῳ ἔργματι κεῖτο τ. Id.I.1.27;

    ποτὶ γραμμᾷ μὲν αὐτὰν στᾶσεκοσμήσαις, τ. ἔμμεν ἄκρον Id.P.9.118

     (perh. 'to be the winning post and prize');

    κρίνεις τ. ἀρετᾶς B.10.6

    : metaph.,

    οὐκ ἔχω εἰπεῖν τίνι τοῦτο Μοῖρα τ. ἔμπεδον ὤρεξε Pi.N.7.57

    .
    3 Philos., full realization, highest point. ideal, ἅπτεσθαι τοῦ τ. Pl.Smp. 211b; πρὸς τ. ἰὼν τῶν ἐρωτικῶν ib. 210e;

    πρὸς τ. ἀρετῆς ἐλθόντα Id.Clit. 410e

    , cf. R. 613c.
    b the end or purpose of action,

    τ. εἶναι ἁπασῶν τῶν πράξεων τὸ ἀγαθόν Id.Grg. 499e

    ; freq. in Arist., EN 1094a18, al.: hence, the final cause, = τὸ οὗ ἕνεκα, Id.Metaph. 994b9, 996a26, al.; hence simply = τὸ ἀγαθόν, the chief good, Id.EN 1097a21, Zeno Stoic.1.45, etc.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > τέλος

  • 17 מתן

    מְתַןch. sam( Hif. הִמְתִּין to last, remain fresh, keep.), to cause delay, to let wait. Targ. Job 32:4 (h. text הִכָּה).Part. pass. מְתִין waiting, detained, fr. which מְתִין, מְתֵין to wait for, hope; to be slow. Targ. Lam. 2:16. Targ. Esth. 2:12. Targ. Ps. 56:7. Ib. 130:5 מְתֵינִית Ms. (ed. אַמְתִּינֵית Af.); a. e.Yeb.63a מְתוֹן נסיבוכ׳ be slow in taking a wife, opp. קפוץ.V. מְתִין. Af. אַמְתֵּין to tarry, remain; to wait. Targ. Y. I Gen. 2:25 (v. Gen. R. s. 18, quot. in preced.). Ib. 31:28 לא אַמְתַּנְתַּנִי thou didst not wait for me (give me an opportunity, h. text נטשתני). Targ. 1 Chr. 4:18; a. fr.Yeb.91b איבעי לה לאַמְתּוּנֵי she ought to have waited.

    Jewish literature > מתן

  • 18 מְתַן

    מְתַןch. sam( Hif. הִמְתִּין to last, remain fresh, keep.), to cause delay, to let wait. Targ. Job 32:4 (h. text הִכָּה).Part. pass. מְתִין waiting, detained, fr. which מְתִין, מְתֵין to wait for, hope; to be slow. Targ. Lam. 2:16. Targ. Esth. 2:12. Targ. Ps. 56:7. Ib. 130:5 מְתֵינִית Ms. (ed. אַמְתִּינֵית Af.); a. e.Yeb.63a מְתוֹן נסיבוכ׳ be slow in taking a wife, opp. קפוץ.V. מְתִין. Af. אַמְתֵּין to tarry, remain; to wait. Targ. Y. I Gen. 2:25 (v. Gen. R. s. 18, quot. in preced.). Ib. 31:28 לא אַמְתַּנְתַּנִי thou didst not wait for me (give me an opportunity, h. text נטשתני). Targ. 1 Chr. 4:18; a. fr.Yeb.91b איבעי לה לאַמְתּוּנֵי she ought to have waited.

    Jewish literature > מְתַן

  • 19 ניהוּ

    נִיהוּm. = אִיהוּ (mostly after an open syllable to avoid a hiatus, or after ן) he, himself; it, it is. B. Kam. 114b דילמא … והוא נ׳ קא מפיק שמא perhaps he sold them, and he himself spread the report (that they had been stolen). Ber.58b לא ידענא מאי נ׳ I do not know what it is (its nature). Taan.24a אנא נ׳ (differ. in Ms. M.) I am he (of whom you are speaking). Pes.104a, a. e. מאן נ׳ בנןוכ׳ (Ms. M. נינהו, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) who is (are) meant by ‘the son of saints?; a. fr. Fem. נִיהִי. Ber.44a.Pl. נִינְהוּ, נִנְהוּ. Ḥull.38a מאי נ׳ דבריםוכ׳ what are the movements indicating the agony of death? Ib. 79a כולהו חדא מינא נ׳ they all belong to the same species. B. Mets.24b רובה ישראל ננהו the majority are Jews; a. fr.With suffixes: נִיהֲלִי, נִיהֲלָךְ, נִיהֲלֵיה (to) myself, thyself, himself Ḥull.59b בעינא דמחזית ליה ניהלי (Rashi דמחזית ניהליה) I want thee to show him to me (Rashi: to make him visible). Ib. 142a והדר לקנינהו נ׳ and then let him transfer them to thyself. Ber.54b בריך רחמנא דיהבך נִיהֲלָןוכ׳ blessed be the Merciful who returned thee to us and not to the dust. Ned.41a; Erub.10a, a. fr. את אמרת ניהלןוכ׳ thou didst cite it to ourselves Keth.92a מגבי להו נִיהֲלַיְיהוּ ארעא he will give land in payment to the very claimants, and then seize it from them; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > ניהוּ

  • 20 נִיהוּ

    נִיהוּm. = אִיהוּ (mostly after an open syllable to avoid a hiatus, or after ן) he, himself; it, it is. B. Kam. 114b דילמא … והוא נ׳ קא מפיק שמא perhaps he sold them, and he himself spread the report (that they had been stolen). Ber.58b לא ידענא מאי נ׳ I do not know what it is (its nature). Taan.24a אנא נ׳ (differ. in Ms. M.) I am he (of whom you are speaking). Pes.104a, a. e. מאן נ׳ בנןוכ׳ (Ms. M. נינהו, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) who is (are) meant by ‘the son of saints?; a. fr. Fem. נִיהִי. Ber.44a.Pl. נִינְהוּ, נִנְהוּ. Ḥull.38a מאי נ׳ דבריםוכ׳ what are the movements indicating the agony of death? Ib. 79a כולהו חדא מינא נ׳ they all belong to the same species. B. Mets.24b רובה ישראל ננהו the majority are Jews; a. fr.With suffixes: נִיהֲלִי, נִיהֲלָךְ, נִיהֲלֵיה (to) myself, thyself, himself Ḥull.59b בעינא דמחזית ליה ניהלי (Rashi דמחזית ניהליה) I want thee to show him to me (Rashi: to make him visible). Ib. 142a והדר לקנינהו נ׳ and then let him transfer them to thyself. Ber.54b בריך רחמנא דיהבך נִיהֲלָןוכ׳ blessed be the Merciful who returned thee to us and not to the dust. Ned.41a; Erub.10a, a. fr. את אמרת ניהלןוכ׳ thou didst cite it to ourselves Keth.92a מגבי להו נִיהֲלַיְיהוּ ארעא he will give land in payment to the very claimants, and then seize it from them; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > נִיהוּ

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